{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T06:25:20Z","timestamp":1777703120353,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,10]],"date-time":"2015-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1439164800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Intelligent &amp; Fuzzy Systems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    In this paper a backscatter modulator of passive tags used for RFID applications is proposed. For designing this backscatter modulator, QPSK modulation is utilized for transferring data from the tag to the reader. This modulator working in UHF frequency has high data rate and low power consumption. This circuit is simulated in 0.18\u03bcm CMOS technology with 1.8\u200aV supply voltage with the help of Cadence software. TLBO algorithm is applied in order to evaluate the optimized transistors sizes for maximizing the difference between various values of varactor in modulation states. The DC power dissipation and the chip area of the proposed modulator equal to 15.57nW and 5767\u03bcm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    , respectively.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/ifs-141529","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,21]],"date-time":"2015-08-21T15:27:24Z","timestamp":1440170844000},"page":"2501-2507","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A new evolutionary optimization algorithm for design of low power QPSK backscatter modulator"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Ebrahim","family":"Abiri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Modarres Boulevard, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rezvan","family":"Dastanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Modarres Boulevard, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Reza","family":"Salehi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Modarres Boulevard, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khadije","family":"Taherinia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Modarres Boulevard, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","first-page":"262","article-title":"A BPSK backscatter modulator design for RFID passive tags","author":"Amin N","year":"2007","unstructured":"AminNJyeNWOthmanM2007A BPSK backscatter modulator design for RFID passive tagsIEEE International Workshop on Radio-Frequency Integration Technology262265","journal-title":"IEEE International Workshop on Radio-Frequency Integration Technology"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mejo.2009.01.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mejo.2005.09.033"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/5.32056"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMTT.2010.2098039"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSSC.2003.817249"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2011.08.006"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","first-page":"11","article-title":"A new CMOS active transformer QPSK modulator with optimal bandwidth control","volume":"55","author":"Tang A","year":"2008","unstructured":"TangAYuanFLawE2008A new CMOS active transformer QPSK modulator with optimal bandwidth controlIEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems5511115","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMTT.2012.2185810"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2008.2010180"}],"container-title":["Journal of Intelligent &amp; Fuzzy Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/IFS-141529","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.3233\/IFS-141529","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/IFS-141529","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T09:37:53Z","timestamp":1777455473000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.3233\/IFS-141529"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,10]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3233\/IFS-141529"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/ifs-141529","relation":{},"ISSN":["1064-1246","1875-8967"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1064-1246","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8967","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,10]]}}}