{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T18:39:27Z","timestamp":1770748767822,"version":"3.50.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,23]],"date-time":"2015-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1442966400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Intelligent &amp; Fuzzy Systems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The newborn\u2019s skull consists of bones and fibrous, membrane-covered tissue composed of fontanels and sutures. Newborns have six fontanels at birth. Clinical assessment of the size and other variations of fontanels after birth are very important because fontanels with abnormal size and shape are indicators of several disorders such as increased intracranial pressure. The most important fontanel for clinical examination and diagnosis in newborns is the anterior fontanel. It has a rhomboid-like shape and is situated at the junction of the two parietal and two frontal bones. A clinical method commonly used to measure anterior fontanel size was first described by Popich and corresponds to the mean value of the length (anteroposterior dimension) and the width (transverse dimension). The length and width are measured on the skin of the newborn\u2019s head. In this study, we propose a method for extraction of the anterior fontanel in order to determine its dimensions on 3D computed tomography (CT) images of newborns. The proposed algorithm was applied to CT images from eleven newborns with a gestational age of 39 to 45 weeks. The mean anteroposterior and transverse diameters were 3.51\u200acm and 3.19\u200acm, respectively. The mean anterior fontanel size and area were 3.35\u200acm and 10.5 cm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    , respectively.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/ifs-151611","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,6]],"date-time":"2015-10-06T12:01:46Z","timestamp":1444132906000},"page":"443-450","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Evaluation of anterior fontanel size and area in the newborn using CT images"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Negar","family":"Noorizadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran"}]},{"given":"Kamran","family":"Kazemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran"},{"name":"GRAMFC - Inserm U1105, UFR of Medicine, University of Picardie Jules Verne, France"}]},{"given":"Reinhard","family":"Grebe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GRAMFC - Inserm U1105, UFR of Medicine, University of Picardie Jules Verne, France"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Sadegh","family":"Helfroush","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran"}]},{"given":"Fabrice","family":"Wallois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GRAMFC - Inserm U1105, EFSN Pediatrique, CHU Amiens, France"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","first-page":"11795","article-title":"Application of teaching-learning-based optimization algorithm on cluster analysis","volume":"2","author":"Amiri B","year":"2012","unstructured":"AmiriB2012Application of teaching-learning-based optimization algorithm on cluster analysisJ Basic Appl Sci Res2111179511802","journal-title":"J Basic Appl Sci Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2013.01.004"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","first-page":"307","article-title":"Measurements of anterior fontanels in Chinese","volume":"31","author":"Chang BF","year":"1989","unstructured":"ChangBFHungKL1989Measurements of anterior fontanels in ChineseZhonghua Min Guo Xiao Er Ke Yi Xue Hui Za Zhi315307312","journal-title":"Zhonghua Min Guo Xiao Er Ke Yi Xue Hui Za Zhi"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7196\/sajch.516"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11517-008-0334-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(72)80125-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.78.5.904"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","first-page":"543","article-title":"Anterior fontanelle size in healthy Iranian neonates on the first day of life","volume":"49","author":"Shajari H","year":"2011","unstructured":"ShajariHRashidiranjbarNAshrafiM2011Anterior fontanelle size in healthy Iranian neonates on the first day of lifeActa Med Iran498543546","journal-title":"Acta Med Iran"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","first-page":"2547","article-title":"The abnormal fontanel","volume":"67","author":"Kiesler J","year":"2003","unstructured":"KieslerJRicerR2003The abnormal fontanelAm Fam Physician671225472552","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.21483"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0001566000008631"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11760-012-0300-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02724936.1988.11748566"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20376"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.03.017"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","first-page":"161","article-title":"Anterior fontanel size","volume":"31","author":"Mathur S","year":"1994","unstructured":"MathurSKumarRMathurGPSinghVKGuptaVTripathiVN1994Anterior fontanel sizeIndian Pediatr312161164","journal-title":"Indian Pediatr"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11517-012-0967-8"}],"container-title":["Journal of Intelligent &amp; Fuzzy Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/IFS-151611","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.3233\/IFS-151611","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/IFS-151611","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T08:23:14Z","timestamp":1770711794000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.3233\/IFS-151611"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,23]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,23]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3233\/IFS-151611"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/ifs-151611","relation":{},"ISSN":["1064-1246","1875-8967"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1064-1246","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8967","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,23]]}}}