{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T17:22:25Z","timestamp":1771003345214,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In the present paper we consider a differentiated-good Stackelberg model, when the follower firm engages in an R&amp;D process that gives an endogenous cost-reducing innovation. We assume that there can exist a technology transfer between innovator and non-innovator firm. The aim of this paper is three-fold: to do a comparison of the fixed-fee and royalty licensing cases, of the two-part tariff and royalty licensing cases, respectively of the two-part tariff and fixed-fee licensing cases, in order to state in which case is indicated for the innovator firm to license its technology. This comparison allows us to identify which licensing scheme is more profitable for the innovator (follower firm).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jcm-204386","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,3]],"date-time":"2020-07-03T14:00:21Z","timestamp":1593784821000},"page":"301-309","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparison between different licensing schemes in a Stackelberg model when the follower is the innovator"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Oana R.","family":"Bode","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Business, Babe\u015f-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}]},{"given":"Fl\u00e1vio","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polytechnic Institute of Porto, School of Hospitality and Tourism, Applied Management Research Unit, Vila do Conde, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Fernanda A.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polytechnic Institute of Porto, School of Hospitality and Tourism, Applied Management Research Unit, Vila do Conde, Portugal"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JCM-204386_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-6451.00114","article-title":"The structure of licensing contracts","volume":"XLVIII","author":"Anand","year":"2000","journal-title":"The Journal of Industrial Economics"},{"key":"10.3233\/JCM-204386_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-7187(99)00020-X","article-title":"Technology transfer with moral hazard","volume":"19","author":"Choi","year":"2001","journal-title":"International Journal of Industrial Organization"},{"key":"10.3233\/JCM-204386_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4992199"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/JCM-204386_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2012.07.001","article-title":"Licensing endogenous cost-reduction in a differentiated Stackelberg model","volume":"18","author":"Ferreira","year":"2013","journal-title":"Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation"},{"key":"10.3233\/JCM-204386_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"F.A. Ferreira, Licensing in an international competition with differentiated goods, Nonlinear Dynamics of Complex Systems: Application in Physical, Biological and Financial Systems, edited by J.A. Tenreiro Machado, D. Baleanu, A. Luo. Springer Science + Business Media Llc. 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Zuniga and D. Guellec, Who licenses out patents and why? Lessons from a business survey, available at http:\/\/www.oecd.org\/dataoecd\/47\/16\/42477187.pdf, 2009.","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.1399144"},{"key":"10.3233\/JCM-204386_ref12","first-page":"1","article-title":"Impact of Technology development costs on licensing form in a differentiated Cournot duopoly","author":"Kitagawa","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Economic Theory"},{"key":"10.3233\/JCM-204386_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.econmod.2016.11.001","article-title":"Tariff induced licensing contracts, consumers\u2019 surplus and Welfare","volume":"60","author":"Kabiraj","year":"2017","journal-title":"Economic Modelling"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/JCM-204386_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.5755\/j01.ee.26.5.12313","article-title":"Licensing strategy for a stochastic R&D firm in a differentiated Cournot duopoly model","volume":"26","author":"Hong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Engineering-Economics"},{"key":"10.3233\/JCM-204386_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.econlet.2016.03.006","article-title":"Patent strength and optimal two-part tariff licensing with a potential rival incorporating ad valorem royalties","volume":"143","author":"Martin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Economics Letters"},{"key":"10.3233\/JCM-204386_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.econlet.2018.06.002","article-title":"Per unit vs. ad valorem royalty licensing","volume":"170","author":"Fan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Economics Letters"},{"key":"10.3233\/JCM-204386_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1111\/manc.12280","article-title":"Ad valorem versus per\u00e2\u0080\u0090unit royalty licensing in a Cournot duopoly model","volume":"87","author":"Hsu","year":"2019","journal-title":"The Manchester School"},{"key":"10.3233\/JCM-204386_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.econmod.2017.06.013","article-title":"\u201cOptimal licensing in a differentiated Bertrand market under uncertain R&D outcomes and technology spillover\u2019","volume":"68","author":"Yan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Economic Modelling"},{"key":"10.3233\/JCM-204386_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.econmod.2019.08.010","article-title":"Quality differentiation and product innovation licensing","volume":"87","author":"Zou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Economic Modelling"},{"key":"10.3233\/JCM-204386_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"L.F.S. Wang, A. Mukherjee and C. Zeng, Does technology licensing matter for privatization? Journal of Public Economic Theory, Forthcoming (2020).","DOI":"10.1111\/jpet.12431"},{"key":"10.3233\/JCM-204386_ref21","unstructured":"F. Ferreira and O.R. Bode, Licensing by fixed-fee and two part-tariff in a differentiated Stackelberg model when the follower is the innovator, Submitted."},{"key":"10.3233\/JCM-204386_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1016\/j.econmod.2010.01.017","article-title":"Innovation, licensing, and price vs. quantity competition","volume":"27","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"Economic Modelling"}],"container-title":["Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/content.iospress.com\/download?id=10.3233\/JCM-204386","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T16:31:58Z","timestamp":1771000318000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.3233\/JCM-204386"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,6]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/jcm-204386","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-7978","1875-8983"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-7978","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8983","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,6]]}}}