{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T00:47:16Z","timestamp":1777682836671,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JHS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>False data detection, intrusion detection and coverage rate are major challenges in wireless sensor networks (WSN). Scheduling in media access control (MAC) using gateway and relay nodes solve some of the problems. In this paper, we carried out a brief survey on scheduling, delay aware MAC, cooperative communications in MAC, and adaptive listening to keep controlling the energy in sensors. In addition, multichannel MAC and various routing strategy techniques for WSN are discussed. Firefly algorithm for dynamic scheduling pipelined scheduling for linear sensor networks gives better throughput and latency. Heuristic configuration solves the overhearing problem, as node power-based MAC controls power of each node. Based on WSN applications and the performance metrics concentrated, various techniques for MAC are discussed throughout in this paper.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jhs-200647","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,18]],"date-time":"2020-12-18T10:25:45Z","timestamp":1608287145000},"page":"325-338","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Scheduling and adaptive listening approaches in MAC for WSN applications: A survey"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Radha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ECE Department, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, CBE, India. E-mails:\u00a0radhaphd13@gmail.com,\u00a0josemin@karunya.edu"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G. Josemin","family":"Bala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ECE Department, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, CBE, India. E-mails:\u00a0radhaphd13@gmail.com,\u00a0josemin@karunya.edu"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E. Grace Mary","family":"Kanaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CSE Department, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, CBE, India. E-mail:\u00a0grace@karunya.edu"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Nagabushanam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EEE Department, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, CBE, India. E-mail:\u00a0nagabushanamphd14@gmail.com"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpe.4907"},{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nem.1979"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.1109\/jsen.2016.2645612","article-title":"TMP: Tele-medicine protocol for slotted 802.15.4 with duty-cycle optimization in wireless body area sensor networks","volume":"17","author":"Akbar","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Sensors Journal"},{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2015.12.034","article-title":"A survey on MAC protocols for duty-cycled wireless sensor networks","volume":"73","author":"Alfayez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Procedia Computer Science"},{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpe.4284"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1002\/cae.21790","article-title":"Multilingual virtual environment for wireless sensor networks","volume":"25","author":"Alpotte","year":"2017","journal-title":"Computer Applications in Engineering Education"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.7763\/ijfcc.2012.v1.11","article-title":"Medium access control protocol with dynamic duty cycle in wireless sensor network","volume":"1","author":"An","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Journal of Future Computer and Communication"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comcom.2011.11.014","article-title":"An efficient dynamic addressing based routing protocol for underwater wireless sensor networks","volume":"35","author":"Ayaz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Computer Communications"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1002\/cae.21722","article-title":"Ethernet and PC-based experiments on barometric altimetry using MEMS in a wireless sensor network","volume":"24","author":"Bolanakis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Computer Applications in Engineering Education"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1109\/jcn.2015.000089","article-title":"Biologically inspired node scheduling control for wireless sensor networks","volume":"17","author":"Byun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Communications and Networks"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1007\/s11036-010-0280-4","article-title":"Taking advantage of overhearing in low power listening WSNs: A performance analysis of the LWT-MAC protocol","volume":"16","author":"Cano","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mobile Networks and Applications"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1002\/net.21882","article-title":"Heuristics for the strong generalized minimum label spanning tree problem","volume":"74","author":"Cerrone","year":"2019","journal-title":"Networks"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1002\/net.21578","article-title":"Maximizing lifetime and handling reliability in wireless sensor networks","volume":"64","author":"Cerulli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Networks"},{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2019.04.002","article-title":"Adopting IEEE 802.11 MAC for industrial delay-sensitive wireless control and monitoring applications: A survey","volume":"157","author":"Cheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Computer Networks"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1109\/jiot.2019.2948888","article-title":"A comprehensive survey on Internet of Things (IoT) towards 5G wireless systems","volume":"7","author":"Chettri","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal"},{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nem.2035"},{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14930","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2017.2731368","article-title":"Design and implementation of a full-duplex pipelined MAC protocol for multihop wireless networks","volume":"5","author":"Choi","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.4218\/etrij.2018-0630","article-title":"SDN-based wireless body area network routing algorithm for healthcare architecture","volume":"41","author":"Cicio\u011flu","year":"2019","journal-title":"ETRI Journal"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1002\/cae.21753","article-title":"A framework to learn graph theory using simple wireless network models","volume":"24","author":"Dapena","year":"2016","journal-title":"Computer Applications in Engineering Education"},{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ett.3443"},{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2016.05.015","article-title":"L-MAC: A wake-up time self-learning MAC protocol for wireless sensor networks","volume":"105","author":"Dinh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Computer Networks"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.4218\/etrij.2018-0126","article-title":"Demand-based charging strategy for wireless rechargeable sensor networks","volume":"41","author":"Dong","year":"2019","journal-title":"ETRI Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1109\/jsyst.2013.2286543","article-title":"Operational state scheduling of relay nodes in two-tiered wireless sensor networks","volume":"9","author":"Fathi","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE Systems Journal"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1691","DOI":"10.1007\/s11276-013-0560-6","article-title":"Analysis and optimization of duty-cycle in preamble-based random access networks","volume":"19","author":"Fischione","year":"2013","journal-title":"Wireless Networks"},{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nem.2066"},{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2016.01.013","article-title":"A practical cross layer cooperative MAC framework for WSNs","volume":"98","author":"Gokturk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Computer Networks"},{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/net.21867"},{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpe.5400"},{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adhoc.2016.05.003","article-title":"DAP-MAC: A delay-aware probability-based MAC protocol for underwater acoustic sensor networks","volume":"48","author":"Han","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ad Hoc Networks"},{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2015.05.021","article-title":"Ad-ATMA: An efficient MAC protocol for wireless sensor and ad hoc networks","volume":"52","author":"Hossain","year":"2015","journal-title":"Procedia Computer Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2012.09.002","article-title":"An asynchronous scheduled MAC protocol for wireless sensor networks","volume":"57","author":"Jang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Computer Networks"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref32","first-page":"111","article-title":"Adaptive duty cycle scheduling algorithm for wireless sensor networks using test bed","volume":"7","author":"Joseph Auxilius Jude","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Electron. Commun. Eng."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1002\/cae.22052","article-title":"RADIOGIS: Educational software for learning the calculation of radio electric coverage in wireless communication systems","volume":"27","author":"Juan-Llacer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Computer Applications in Engineering Education"},{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpe.4839"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1622","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aeue.2015.07.011","article-title":"Improved time synchronization in ML-MAC for WSN using relay nodes","volume":"69","author":"Khurana","year":"2015","journal-title":"AEU \u2013 International Journal of Electronics and Communications"},{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ett.3560"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.4218\/etrij.2017-0023","article-title":"5G network communication, caching, and computing algorithms based on the two-tier game model","volume":"40","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"ETRI Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1002\/cae.21865","article-title":"RTWiFi-Lab: A real-time wi-fi laboratory platform on USRP and LabVIEW for wireless communications education and research","volume":"26","author":"K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck","year":"2017","journal-title":"Computer Applications in Engineering Education"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/s1005-8885(08)60266-6","article-title":"Optimization of listening time of S-MAC for wireless sensor networks","volume":"16","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4137","DOI":"10.1109\/jsen.2015.2462740","article-title":"DTMAC: A delay tolerant MAC protocol for underwater wireless sensor networks","volume":"16","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Sensors Journal"},{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpe.5277"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1002\/cae.21850","article-title":"A web-based design and assessment tool for educational wireless networking projects","volume":"25","author":"Losilla","year":"2017","journal-title":"Computer Applications in Engineering Education"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1002\/net.21664","article-title":"The wireless network jamming problem subject to protocol interference","volume":"67","author":"Medal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Networks"},{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nem.2000"},{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ett.3420"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.3233\/jhs-190618","article-title":"Fault tolerant and congestion aware routing algorithm for network on chip1","volume":"25","author":"Nehnouh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of High Speed Networks"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.4218\/etrij.2018-0261","article-title":"Temporal and spatial outlier detection in wireless sensor networks","volume":"41","author":"Nguyen","year":"2019","journal-title":"ETRI Journal"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8275","DOI":"10.1109\/twc.2017.2759768","article-title":"Space-time super-modulation: Concept, design rules, and its application to joint medium access and rateless transmission","volume":"16","author":"Nikitopoulos","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications"},{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpe.5330"},{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/s021812661450100x"},{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/s0218126613500126"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1109\/surv.2012.111412.00158","article-title":"Standardized protocol stack for the Internet of (important) things","volume":"15","author":"Palattella","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials"},{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ett.3639"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2727","DOI":"10.1007\/s11276-015-1121-y","article-title":"RM-MAC: A reservation based multi-channel MAC protocol for wireless sensor networks","volume":"22","author":"Pyeon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Wireless Networks"},{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aeue.2017.10.034","article-title":"Node-power-based MAC protocol with adaptive listening period for wireless sensor networks","volume":"84","author":"Ramadan","year":"2018","journal-title":"AEU \u2013 International Journal of Electronics and Communications"},{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2018.03.001","article-title":"Self-adaptive implicit contention window adjustment mechanism for QoS optimization in wireless sensor networks","volume":"109","author":"Rao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Network and Computer Applications"},{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpe.5402"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.3233\/jhs-190614","article-title":"Network lifetime maximization in wireless sensor network using spatial correlation based clustered opportunistic transmission","volume":"25","author":"Sethu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of High Speed Networks"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1007\/s10776-018-0393-4","article-title":"PD-MAC: Design and implementation of polling distribution-MAC for improving energy efficiency of wireless sensor networks","volume":"25","author":"Siddiqui","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Wireless Information Networks"},{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adhoc.2014.10.014","article-title":"A joint power control and rate adaptation MAC protocol for underwater sensor networks","volume":"26","author":"Su","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ad Hoc Networks"},{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpe.5178"},{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cose.2018.04.009","article-title":"An optimal cluster formation based energy efficient dynamic scheduling hybrid MAC protocol for heavy traffic load in wireless sensor networks","volume":"77","author":"Sundararaj","year":"2018","journal-title":"Computers & Security"},{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2017.08.007","article-title":"Operator calculus approach for route optimizing and enhancing wireless sensor network","volume":"97","author":"Syarif","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Network and Computer Applications"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2608","DOI":"10.1109\/tvt.2015.2426708","article-title":"Modeling and analyzing duty-cycling pipelined-scheduling MAC for linear sensor networks","volume":"65","author":"Tong","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1562","DOI":"10.1109\/jsen.2016.2643670","article-title":"Virtualization of wireless sensor networks through MAC layer resource scheduling","volume":"17","author":"Uchiteleva","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Sensors Journal"},{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A.\u00a0Umara et al., On enhancing network reliability and throughput for critical-range based applications in UWSNs, in: The 9th International Conference on Future Networks and Communications (FNC-2014), Vol.\u00a034, pp.\u00a0196\u2013203.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2014.07.089"},{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2015.09.007","article-title":"DS-MAC: An energy efficient demand sleep MAC protocol with low latency for wireless sensor networks","volume":"58","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Network and Computer Applications"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.3233\/jhs-190623","article-title":"A temporal synchronization scheme to reduce and compensate for temporal asynchrony in wireless 3D video streaming","volume":"25","author":"Yoon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of High Speed Networks"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1894","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compeleceng.2012.03.014","article-title":"An energy-balanced cooperative MAC protocol based on opportunistic relaying in MANETs","volume":"39","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Computers & Electrical Engineering"},{"key":"10.3233\/JHS-200647_ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7123","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2017.2788559","article-title":"TDMA-based cooperative NC MAC scheme for two-way relaying networks","volume":"6","author":"Zhou","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Access"}],"container-title":["Journal of High Speed Networks"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/content.iospress.com\/download?id=10.3233\/JHS-200647","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T08:44:16Z","timestamp":1777452256000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.3233\/JHS-200647"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,23]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/jhs-200647","relation":{},"ISSN":["1875-8940","0926-6801"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1875-8940","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0926-6801","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,23]]}}}