{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T00:15:37Z","timestamp":1777853737967,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JID"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper aims to improve students\u2019 learning performance by optimizing their mental stresses in learning through proposing a new course timetabling method. This new method is based on two hypotheses that formulate the link between course timetabling and learning experience: i) a student\u2019s learning performance is superior when the student is subject to moderate stress; ii) an individual\u2019s mental capacity varies during a day according to Circadian Rhythm. The student\u2019s mental stress in taking a course is defined as a function of their mental capacity and the workload required by the course. The workload is determined by utilizing a multi-criteria prioritization technique\u2014Analytic Hierarchy Process. As a result, the timetabling problem is formulated as a mixed-integer linear programming model, which is tested on an engineering program to produce a student-centered timetable for its scheduled courses. This new method differs from traditional course scheduling and timetabling approaches, which are usually tackled as a constrained optimization problem with an objective to optimize a given set of criteria, such as student and faculty preferences, walking distances between consecutive classes, classroom utilization and operating expenses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jid-220019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,14]],"date-time":"2022-10-14T11:34:19Z","timestamp":1665747259000},"page":"25-44","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Impact of course timetabling on learning quality: sustaining an optimized stress level to stimulate enhanced comprehension"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Seyed Reza","family":"Razavi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering, Gina Cody School of Engineering and Computer Science, Concordia University, Montreal, H3, G 1M8, Canada"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Akgunduz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical, Industrial & Aerospace Engineering, Gina Cody School of Engineering and Computer Science, Concordia University, Montreal, H3, G 1M8, Canada"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering, Gina Cody School of Engineering and Computer Science, Concordia University, Montreal, H3, G 1M8, Canada"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JID-220019_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-5845(01)00028-X","article-title":"Evaluation of sub-component alternatives in product design process","volume":"18","author":"Akgunduz,","year":"2002","journal-title":"Robotics and Computer Integrated Manufacturing"},{"key":"10.3233\/JID-220019_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anggrainingsih, R , Zuhrul Umam M , Setiadi, H. 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