{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T06:32:06Z","timestamp":1777703526650,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,24]],"date-time":"2017-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1487894400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Intelligent &amp; Fuzzy Systems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    In testing the capability of industrial processes, the researcher considers and tests the vague hypothesis \u201cthe capability index is low\u201d against the vague hypothesis \u201cthe capability index is high\u201d. But, two fuzzy concepts\n                    <jats:italic>low<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>high<\/jats:italic>\n                    are usually formulated by two crisp hypotheses in traditional quality tests. In this paper, we formulate these two fuzzy concepts by considering two complement fuzzy sets. Afterwords, a new\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    -value-based approach is considered for testing the mentioned fuzzy hypotheses which is constructed on the basis of two capability indices\n                    <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>pm<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    . This new approach has several advantages over the common\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    -value methods for testing fuzzy hypotheses. The main one is depending the result of this new approach on both null and alternative fuzzy hypotheses, while the common\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    -value-based methods are according to only the null fuzzy hypothesis. To clarify the potential of the proposed approach in the process of capability analyses, two applied examples are given based on two real-world data set.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jifs-141680","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,28]],"date-time":"2017-02-28T11:10:44Z","timestamp":1488280244000},"page":"1649-1658","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A general\n                    <i>p<\/i>\n                    -value-based approach for testing quality by considering fuzzy hypotheses"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Abbas","family":"Parchami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bahram","family":"Sadeghpour Gildeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematical Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. Mahmoud","family":"Taheri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Engineering Science, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mashaallah","family":"Mashinchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2008.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00224065.1991.11979279"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2006.12.056"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-002-1487-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03610928908830174"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","first-page":"165","article-title":"Some measures of support for statistical hypotheses","volume":"2","author":"Emadi M.","year":"2003","unstructured":"EmadiM. and ArghamiN.R., Some measures of support for statistical hypotheses, Journal of Statistical Theory and Application 2 (2003), 165\u2013176.","journal-title":"Journal of Statistical Theory and Application"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001840300269"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","volume-title":"A tutorial on quality control and assurance - the Taguchi methods","author":"Hsiang T.C.","year":"1985","unstructured":"HsiangT.C. and TaguchiG., A tutorial on quality control and assurance - the Taguchi methods, ASA Annual Meeting, Las Vegas, Nevada, 1985."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00477-008-0232-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00224065.1986.11978984"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2010.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2011.03.085"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2009.05.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00477-008-0238-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","volume-title":"Process Capability Indices in Theory and Practice","author":"Kotz S.","year":"1998","unstructured":"KotzS. and LovelaceC.R., Process Capability Indices in Theory and Practice, Oxford University Press Inc, New York, 1998."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-2217(99)00438-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","volume-title":"Introduction to Statistical Quality Control","author":"Montgomery D.C.","year":"2009","unstructured":"MontgomeryD.C., Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 6th edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2009.","edition":"6"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-012-4003-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_20_2","first-page":"391","article-title":"Process capability indices as fuzzy numbers","volume":"34","author":"Parchami A.","year":"2005","unstructured":"ParchamiA., MashinchiM., YavariA.R. and MalekiH.R., Process capability indices as fuzzy numbers, Austrian Journal of Statistics 34 (2005), 391\u2013402.","journal-title":"Austrian Journal of Statistics"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2006.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02664760802695785"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_23_2","first-page":"287","article-title":"Fuzzy confidence intervals for fuzzy process capability index","volume":"17","author":"Parchami A.","year":"2006","unstructured":"ParchamiA., MashinchiM. and MalekiH.R., Fuzzy confidence intervals for fuzzy process capability index, Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 17 (2006), 287\u2013295.","journal-title":"Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/16843703.2009.11673189"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00362-008-0133-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40467-015-0042-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00224065.1992.11979403"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00207720903267890"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_29_2","volume-title":"Statistical Evidence: A Likelihood Paradigm","author":"Royall R.","year":"1997","unstructured":"RoyallR., Statistical Evidence: A Likelihood Paradigm, Chapman and Hall\/CRC, Florida, 1997."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.2000.10474264"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_31_2","unstructured":"Sadeghpour GildehB. 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