{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T06:17:27Z","timestamp":1777702647465,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,19]],"date-time":"2018-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1545177600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Intelligent &amp; Fuzzy Systems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper aims to develop a realistic triage system to better quantify a patient\u2019s disease severity for the evaluation of admission or discharging. A good triage can reduce loads of doctors and draw attention of staffs to critical conditions. However, existing systems score on readings of vital signs and the superficial scores usually are apart from doctors\u2019 judgement. Instead of summing up rating score, we take a Bayesian network approach to estimate the source diseases that lead to the observed vital signs, such as temperature, lactate, HCT, and CRP, etc. Because the purpose of this assessment is not making a correct diagnosis, the source diseases are only stratified to four disease categories. Based on the reading of vital signs, Bayes belief network inferences the probability distributions of the severity for each one of the four disease categories. Finally, the four distributions are then sufficient to rank a patient\u2019s final severity by a probabilistic decision framework. Diffing from traditional paper based evaluation, our method is required to use computer to perform the computation. Our triage results closely match doctors\u2019 judgement. Sensitivity and specificity are improved significantly, comparing to traditional APACH II systems. Absolute and relative assessment gains were calculated and proved to be practical.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jifs-169880","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,21]],"date-time":"2018-12-21T10:42:08Z","timestamp":1545388928000},"page":"1049-1055","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Disease severity assessment and ordering of patients in ICU by using a Bayesian network"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Yao-Mei","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"},{"name":"International Medical Service Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen-Hsien","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yenming J.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Logistics Management, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kuan-Shan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Logistics Management, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"},{"name":"Tri-Service General Hospital Penghu Branch, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei-Hsiu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tri-Service General Hospital Penghu Branch, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"176","article-title":"Disease severity assessment and application","volume":"10","author":"Wang S.H.","year":"2009","unstructured":"WangS.H., Disease severity assessment and application, Taiwan Critical Care Medicine 10 (2009), 176\u2013189.","journal-title":"Taiwan Critical Care Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1197\/j.aem.2004.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","first-page":"187","article-title":"The applicability of APACHE Scoring system for ICU patient management and Nursing staffing","volume":"7","author":"Chao Y.F.","year":"1995","unstructured":"ChaoY.F., The applicability of APACHE Scoring system for ICU patient management and Nursing staffing, Tzu Chi Medicine Journal 7 (1995), 187\u2013193.","journal-title":"Tzu Chi Medicine Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"49","article-title":"Exploration of the relationship between drug activities and gene expression in diseasese","volume":"16","author":"Chen A.H.","year":"2007","unstructured":"ChenA.H. and HsiehJ.C., Exploration of the relationship between drug activities and gene expression in diseasese, The Journal of Taiwan Association for Medical Informatics 16(3) (2007), 49\u201360.","journal-title":"The Journal of Taiwan Association for Medical Informatics"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0933-3657(98)00047-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21622965.2015.1077334"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","first-page":"93","article-title":"The mathematic learning effects of bayesian networks based computerized adaptive diagnostic test with computer-assisted instruction to junior high school students with mild disabilities","volume":"30","author":"Liao Y.C.","unstructured":"LiaoY.C. and HungJ.C., The mathematic learning effects of bayesian networks based computerized adaptive diagnostic test with computer-assisted instruction to junior high school students with mild disabilities, Journal of Special Education 30, 93\u2013120.","journal-title":"Journal of Special Education"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15389588.2016.1198872"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2015.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.03.007"}],"container-title":["Journal of Intelligent &amp; 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