{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T06:17:40Z","timestamp":1777702660571,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,10]],"date-time":"2018-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1544400000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Intelligent &amp; Fuzzy Systems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    \u00a0This study proposes a method that uses the Time-of-Flight (ToF) for an assisting device. A contactless Kinect device is used to obtain images of basketball players Field Goal Shooting (FGS) is used to detect posture. The method classifies the FGS postures of players into 3-stage routines for analysis. The ToF first sets the posture correcting conditions using the data provided by professional players and analyzes the postures with the highest and lowest FGS percentage and the most and least data from the statistical results. This gives a stable FGS reference value for the basketball player. The proposed technique has a higher correction rate for the FGS posture (for 100 continuous shots) for a player and allows processing in real-time, with a delay of only 0.4\n                    <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>\n                    s.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jifs-169891","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,19]],"date-time":"2019-03-19T17:07:34Z","timestamp":1553015254000},"page":"1171-1181","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Sports science: The correction of a sportsperson\u2019s pose using a knowledge-based method"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Chih-Hsien","family":"Hsia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Ilan University, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chin-Hsiang","family":"Chien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tamkang University, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hao-Wei","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tamkang University, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jen-Shiun","family":"Chiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tamkang University, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hsien-Wei","family":"Tseng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information Engineering, Longyan University, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","first-page":"72","volume-title":"Basketball Perfect Master","author":"Sako K.","year":"2011","unstructured":"SakoK. Basketball Perfect Master, Han Shin Cultural Enterprise Co. Ltd., 2011, pp. 72\u201396."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","first-page":"110","volume-title":"Training Steps and Methods for Basketball Teaching","author":"Hsieh T.-T.","year":"2004","unstructured":"HsiehT.-T. Training Steps and Methods for Basketball Teaching Noah Forrest Publishing Co. Ltd., pp, 2004, pp. 110\u2013137."},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","first-page":"62","article-title":"Tranning and technology of foul shoot","volume":"1","author":"Chao C.-J.","year":"1990","unstructured":"ChaoC.-J., Tranning and technology of foul shoot, Journal of National Chung Hsing University Sport 1(1) (1990), 62\u201368.","journal-title":"Journal of National Chung Hsing University Sport"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","first-page":"1428","article-title":"Biodynamic analysis of basketball shooting skills based on 3-D view analysis","volume":"35","author":"Xu Y.","year":"2012","unstructured":"XuY., YuanT. and ChaiY., Biodynamic analysis of basketball shooting skills based on 3-D view analysis, Journal of Hefei University of Technology 35(10) (2012), 1428\u20131432.","journal-title":"Journal of Hefei University of Technology"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","first-page":"37","article-title":"Discussions of basketball jump shooting faults based on bio mechanics","volume":"16","author":"Chiu W.-H.","year":"2013","unstructured":"ChiuW.-H., WaC.-P. and LoC.-P., Discussions of basketball jump shooting faults based on bio mechanics, Journal of National Pingtung University of Education Sport 16(1) (2013), 37\u201348.","journal-title":"Journal of National Pingtung University of Education Sport"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","first-page":"783","article-title":"Research for detecting golf swing faults by using Kinect","author":"Lin Y.-H.","year":"2013","unstructured":"LinY.-H., HuangS.-Y., KuoK.-B. and LiuJ.-W., Research for detecting golf swing faults by using Kinect, Conference on Information Technology and Applications in Outlying Islands 2013, pp. 783\u2013789.","journal-title":"Conference on Information Technology and Applications in Outlying Islands"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","first-page":"15","article-title":"A simple approach to a human action correction system and its application in an interactive TPR-based English learning system","volume":"3","author":"Su M.-S.","year":"2013","unstructured":"SuM.-S. and LinH.-Y., A simple approach to a human action correction system and its application in an interactive TPR-based English learning system, Journal of Advanced Technology and Management 3(2) (2013), 15\u201327.","journal-title":"Journal of Advanced Technology and Management"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","first-page":"974","article-title":"The rehabilitation and exercise system with combining Kinect and action correction techniques","author":"Chaing K.","year":"2013","unstructured":"ChaingK., NieS.-Y., LiangH.-Y., RaoC.-F., HsiaoS.-Y. and HanC.-C., The rehabilitation and exercise system with combining Kinect and action correction techniques, Conference on Information Technology and Applications in Outlying Islands 2013, pp. 974\u2013978.","journal-title":"Conference on Information Technology and Applications in Outlying Islands"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","first-page":"334","article-title":"3D human postures correction using Kinect","author":"Zheng X.","year":"2012","unstructured":"ZhengX., FuM., YangY. and LvN., 3D human postures correction using Kinect, International Conference on Intelligent Human-Machine Systems and Cybernetics, vol. 1, 2012, pp. 334\u2013347.","journal-title":"International Conference on Intelligent Human-Machine Systems and Cybernetics"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","first-page":"91","article-title":"Fusion of skeletal and silhouette-based features for human action correction with RGB-D devices","author":"Chaaraoui A.A.","year":"2013","unstructured":"ChaaraouiA.A., Padilla-LopezJ.R. and Florez-RevueltaF., Fusion of skeletal and silhouette-based features for human action correction with RGB-D devices, IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops, 2013, pp. 91\u201397.","journal-title":"IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","first-page":"6848","article-title":"Human action correction based on skeleton splitting","volume":"40","author":"Yoon S.M.","year":"2013","unstructured":"YoonS.M. and KuijperA., Human action correction based on skeleton splitting, An International Journal Archive 40 (2013), 6848\u20136855.","journal-title":"An International Journal Archive"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","first-page":"2466","article-title":"Human action correction using a temporal hierarchy of covariance descriptors on 3D joint locations","author":"Hussein M.E.","year":"2013","unstructured":"HusseinM.E., TorkiM., GowayyedM.A. and El-SabanM., Human action correction using a temporal hierarchy of covariance descriptors on 3D joint locations, International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2013, pp. 2466\u20132472.","journal-title":"International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1178782.1178808"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","first-page":"1082","article-title":"Human action correction with skeletal information from depth camera","author":"Zhu H.-M.","year":"2013","unstructured":"ZhuH.-M. and PunC.-M., Human action correction with skeletal information from depth camera, IEEE International Conference on Information and Automation, 2013, pp. 1082\u20131085.","journal-title":"IEEE International Conference on Information and Automation"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Human pose correction using Kinect and rule-based system","author":"Zainordin F.D.","year":"2012","unstructured":"ZainordinF.D., LeeH.Y., SaniN.A., WongY.M. and ChanC.S., Human pose correction using Kinect and rule-based system, World Automation Congress, 2012, pp. 1\u20136.","journal-title":"World Automation Congress"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-04114-8_40"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","first-page":"222","article-title":"Analyses of basketball player field goal shooting postures for player motion correction using Kinect sensor","author":"Hsia C.-H.","year":"2014","unstructured":"HsiaC.-H., ChienC.-H., HsuH.-W. and ChiangJ.-S., Analyses of basketball player field goal shooting postures for player motion correction using Kinect sensor, IEEE International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing and Communications Systems, 2014, pp. 222\u2013225.","journal-title":"IEEE International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing and Communications Systems"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMM.2010.2100373"}],"container-title":["Journal of Intelligent &amp; Fuzzy Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/JIFS-169891","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.3233\/JIFS-169891","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/JIFS-169891","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T09:36:34Z","timestamp":1777455394000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.3233\/JIFS-169891"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Wen-Hsiang","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,10]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,16]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3233\/JIFS-169891"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/jifs-169891","relation":{},"ISSN":["1064-1246","1875-8967"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1064-1246","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8967","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,10]]}}}