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In order to improve the detection effect of nuclear magnetic resonance on brain tumors, this study uses a convolutional neural network as the basis algorithm to construct an algorithm model suitable for multimodal MRI image recognition. At the same time, combined with the actual case, this paper uses the model to segment and identify brain tumors, and this paper combines the principle of machine learning and collects data for data training to construct a multi-channel deep deconvolution network model. In addition, in order to explore the effectiveness of the algorithm in this study, the performance analysis was carried out by comparative experiment method, and the multi-faceted performance of the model was studied, and the corresponding test result images were obtained. 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