{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T06:39:56Z","timestamp":1777703996405,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,19]],"date-time":"2019-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1571443200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Intelligent &amp; Fuzzy Systems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\u00a0Hypothesis testing is an important tool of statistical decision making. Classical hypothesis testing is based on a known probability distribution with known population parameters. However, since the data generally include vagueness and impreciseness, a fuzzy set approach should be used. In this paper, interval-valued neutrosophic sets (IVNSs) are used for the purpose of making statistical decisions. In the proposed neutrosophic hypothesis testing approach, neutrosophic linguistic data and neutrosophic parameters are used. Left-sided, right-sided and double-sided neutrosophic hypothesis tests are developed, illustrative example and sensitivity analysis are given.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jifs-179472","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,23]],"date-time":"2019-10-23T11:36:55Z","timestamp":1571830615000},"page":"1107-1117","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Interval-valued neutrosophic hypothesis testing"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Elif","family":"Haktan\u0131r","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Industrial Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Besiktas, Istanbul, Turkey"},{"name":"Department of Industrial Engineering, Altinbas University, Bagcilar, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22457\/ijfma.v14n1a9"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-018-3088-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-66824-6_31"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-00045-5_18"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-018-3649-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2013.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sigpro.2012.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2019.01.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-00045-5_24"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"New aggregation operators of single-valued neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy set and their application in multi-attribute decision making","volume":"22","author":"Liu C.","year":"2017","unstructured":"LiuC. and LuoY., New aggregation operators of single-valued neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy set and their application in multi-attribute decision making, Pattern Analysis and Applications 22(1) (2017), 1\u201311.","journal-title":"Pattern Analysis and Applications"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5958\/0974-360X.2018.00122.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13033\/ijahp.v10i3.545"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-018-3140-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-00045-5_25"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-00045-5_13"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","unstructured":"SmarandacheF. Neutrosophy. Neutrosophic Probability Set And Logic Proquest Information and Learning. Ann Arbor Michigan USA 1998 p. 105."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"SmarandacheF. Neutrosophic Set -AGeneralization of The Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set IEEE International Conference on Granular Computing 2006 pp. 38\u201342.","DOI":"10.1109\/GRC.2006.1635754"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"SmarandacheF. A Geometric Interpretation of The Neutrosophic Set - A Generalization of The Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set Proceedings - 2011 IEEE International Conference on Granular Computing GrC 2011 2011 pp. 602\u2013606.","DOI":"10.1109\/GRC.2011.6122665"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_20_2","unstructured":"SmarandacheF. Introduction to Neutrosophic Statistic CoRR 2014 abs\/1406.2000."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03610926.2016.1208241"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"WangH. ZhangY. and SunderramanR. Truth-Value Based Interval Neutrosophic Sets IEEE International Conference on Granular Computing 2005 pp. 274\u2013277.","DOI":"10.1109\/GRC.2005.1547284"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/IFS-151827"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-015-0461-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"DeliI. AliM. and SmarandacheF. Bipolar Neutrosophic Sets and Their Application Based on Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Problems The International Conference on Advanced Mechatronic Systems ICAMechS 2015 pp. 249\u2013254.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICAMechS.2015.7287068"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-66827-7_8"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-00045-5_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-00045-5_20"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"GarciaJ.C.F. RodriguezD. and SierraA. An Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Logic System to Test Statistical Hypothesis on Means NAFIPS 2009 - Annual Meeting of the North American Fuzzy Information Processing Society Cincinnati OH USA 2009.","DOI":"10.1109\/NAFIPS.2009.5156439"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00207721.2014.994050"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/IFS-130916"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-014-1787-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-00045-5_5"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0114(86)80034-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0019-9958(65)90241-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-0255(75)90036-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JIFS-17999"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/IFS-2012-0657"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-018-3252-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2010.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_41_2","first-page":"1168","article-title":"A survey on US economic sanction effects on iranian high-tech industries: Fuzzy logic approach","volume":"3070","author":"Mehregan M.R.","year":"2004","unstructured":"MehreganM.R., SafariH., NaseriP., HosseiniF. and SharifiK., A survey on US economic sanction effects on iranian high-tech industries: Fuzzy logic approach, Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence (Subseries of Lecture Notes in Computer Science) 3070 (2004), 1168\u20131174.","journal-title":"Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence (Subseries of Lecture Notes in Computer Science)"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1615\/Int.J.UncertaintyQuantification.2016018441"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_1_43_2","first-page":"463","article-title":"Uncertainty assessment using neural networks and interval neutrosophic sets for multiclass classification problems","volume":"6","author":"Kraipeerapun P.","year":"2007","unstructured":"KraipeerapunP., FungC.C. and WongK.W., Uncertainty assessment using neural networks and interval neutrosophic sets for multiclass classification problems, WSEAS Transactions on Computers 6(3) (2007), 463\u2013470.","journal-title":"WSEAS Transactions on Computers"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"KraipeerapunP. FungC.C. and WongK.W. Ensemble Neural Networks Using Interval Neutrosophic Sets and Bagging The Proceedings - Third International Conference on Natural Computation ICNC 2007 1 2007 pp. 386\u2013390.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICNC.2007.359"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"KraipeerapunP. FungC.C. and WongK.W. Quantification of Vagueness in Multiclass Classification Based On Multiple Binary Neural Networks Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics ICMLC 2007 2007 pp. 140\u2013144.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICMLC.2007.4370129"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"KraipeerapunP. FungC.C. and BrownW. Assessment of Uncertainty in Mineral Prospectivity Prediction Using Interval Neutrosophic Set The International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Security - CIS 2005 3802 2005 pp. 1074\u20131079.","DOI":"10.1007\/11596981_160"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/IFS-130810"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/IFS-141304"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5755\/j01.ee.29.3.19392"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BroumiS. and SmarandacheF. Correlation Coefficient of Interval Neutrosophic Set International Conference on Smart Systems in all Fields of the Life-Aerospace Robotics Mechanical Engineering Manufacturing Systems Biomechatronics Neurorehabilitation and Human Motricities - ICMERA 2013 436 2013 pp. 511\u2013517.","DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMM.436.511"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_51_2","unstructured":"BroumiS. and SmarandacheF. New Distance and Similarity Measures of Interval Neutrosophic Sets FUSION 2014 \u2013 17th International Conference on Information Fusion 2014."},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_1_52_2","first-page":"375","article-title":"Method for fuzzy maintainability index demonstration in lognormal distribution","volume":"30","author":"Huang X.","year":"2008","unstructured":"HuangX. and HanX., Method for fuzzy maintainability index demonstration in lognormal distribution, Systems Engineering and Electronics 30(2) (2008), 375\u2013378.","journal-title":"Systems Engineering and Electronics"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/sym10060187"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/IFS-151973"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-014-1437-z"}],"container-title":["Journal of Intelligent &amp; Fuzzy Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/JIFS-179472","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.3233\/JIFS-179472","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/JIFS-179472","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T09:40:10Z","timestamp":1777455610000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.3233\/JIFS-179472"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Cengiz","family":"Kahraman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,19]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3233\/JIFS-179472"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/jifs-179472","relation":{},"ISSN":["1064-1246","1875-8967"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1064-1246","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8967","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,19]]}}}