{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T22:30:26Z","timestamp":1770157826986,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,20]],"date-time":"2020-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587340800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Intelligent &amp; Fuzzy Systems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>At present, aircraft accidents caused by human factors occur frequently. As the flight crew is the last line of defense for aviation safety, how to identify and quantitatively evaluate human errors in flight and reduce the error rate has become an important issue for the civil aviation, and it is also the most effective way to control flight operation risks. Thus, the human error mechanism for pilot was investigated by the combine of the fault tree and the Bayesian network theories based on historical research data of typical unsafe events caused by flight human errors. Firstly, the fault tree was used to identify and qualitatively analyze the risk of systems, and then transformed into a Bayesian network model to obtain the relative probability of intermediate events and top events. Finally, the system hierarchy of unsafe events caused by flight human error was quantitatively evaluated. The results showed that there were 96 failure modes in the system, and the flight human error was caused by the coupling of multiple risk factors. The probability of non-technical skill loss is the highest, followed by that of the lack of technical skills and violations. The basic events in the organization, environment and equipment factors have a great impact on the flight human error, which is a weak link in the system. The results provide some theoretical basis for developing preventive measures of flight human error and improving the level of flight safety.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jifs-179764","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,21]],"date-time":"2020-04-21T14:15:18Z","timestamp":1587478518000},"page":"6863-6871","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A human error mechanism for pilot based on fault tree analysis and Bayesian network"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Guo","family":"Xinyao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Aviation, Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics, Zhengzhou Henan, China"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Bin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Aviation, Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics, Zhengzhou Henan, China"}]},{"given":"Liu","family":"Yawei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Aviation, Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics, Zhengzhou Henan, China"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Na","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Aviation, Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics, Zhengzhou Henan, China"}]},{"given":"Fu","family":"Shuai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Aviation, Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics, Zhengzhou Henan, China"}]},{"given":"Si","family":"Qingmin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Aviation, Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics, Zhengzhou Henan, China"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paerosci.2018.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-60441-1_2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ress.2011.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proeng.2012.08.263"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssci.2018.03.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3357\/ASEM.3176.2013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13111\/2066-8201.2015.7.4.4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11571-013-9278-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jairtraman.2018.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.955-959.1825"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","unstructured":"MichelleY. SwiderC. and YoungJ.J. et al. Human factors considerations in the design and evaluation of flight deck displays and controls: version 2.0 Washington DC: Federal Aviation Administration 2016."},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","first-page":"89","article-title":"Research on Civil Aviation Flight Security Risk Assessment Based on BP Neural Network","volume":"33","author":"Wang Y.Y.","year":"2019","unstructured":"WangY.Y., ZhangZ.H. and QianW., Research on Civil Aviation Flight Security Risk Assessment Based on BP Neural Network, Journal of Nanchang Hangkong University: Social Sciences33(2) (2019), 89\u201395.","journal-title":"Journal of Nanchang Hangkong University: Social Sciences"},{"issue":"09","key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","first-page":"72","article-title":"Analysis of military aircraft flight training safety: based on STAMP model","volume":"28","author":"Wang Y.","year":"2018","unstructured":"WangY., SunY. and LiC., Analysis of military aircraft flight training safety: based on STAMP model, China Safety Science Journal28(09) (2018), 72\u201377.","journal-title":"China Safety Science Journal"},{"issue":"01","key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","first-page":"83","article-title":"Flight quality evaluation of aircraft take-off stage based on AHP-TOPSIS method","volume":"37","author":"Wang B.","year":"2019","unstructured":"WangB., DuJ. and DingC., Flight quality evaluation of aircraft take-off stage based on AHP-TOPSIS method, Flight Dynamics37(01) (2019), 83\u201388.","journal-title":"Flight Dynamics"},{"issue":"05","key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","first-page":"347","article-title":"Evaluation of Airline Risk Based on Five Element Connection Number-Entropy Weight Method","volume":"18","author":"Zhao Y.","year":"2018","unstructured":"ZhaoY. and WanJ., Evaluation of Airline Risk Based on Five Element Connection Number-Entropy Weight Method, Science Technology and Engineering18(05) (2018), 347\u2013352.","journal-title":"Science Technology and Engineering"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","unstructured":"SunR. and ZhaoQ. Study on ECAR Model for Human Error Analysis of Aviation Accident\/Incident China Safety Science Journal (02) (2012) 19\u201324."},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","first-page":"25","article-title":"Study on a Structured Pilot Error Model Based on Information Processing and Accident Chain Principle","volume":"21","author":"Du H.","year":"2011","unstructured":"DuH., LiuM. and JinH., Study on a Structured Pilot Error Model Based on Information Processing and Accident Chain Principle, China Safety Science Journal21(6) (2011), 25\u201331.","journal-title":"China Safety Science Journal"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssci.2018.01.008"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","first-page":"208","article-title":"Establishment of a QAR Data-Based Model for Assessing Safety Capabilities in Airline Pilots","volume":"32","author":"Jiang H.","year":"2019","unstructured":"JiangH., ShiR. and YangJ., Establishment of a QAR Data-Based Model for Assessing Safety Capabilities in Airline Pilots, Space Medicine & Medical Engineering32(3) (2019), 208\u2013212.","journal-title":"Space Medicine & Medical Engineering"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","first-page":"830","article-title":"Dynamic safety assessment of natural gas stations using Bayesian network","volume":"321","author":"Esmaeil Z.","year":"2017","unstructured":"EsmaeilZ., AliA. and MohammadfamI., Dynamic safety assessment of natural gas stations using Bayesian network, Journal of Hazardous Materials321(5) (2017), 830\u2013840.","journal-title":"Journal of Hazardous Materials"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2017.01.058"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proeng.2014.12.523"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","first-page":"141","article-title":"Risk analysis of the runway excursion and overrun event based on the fault tree and Bayesian network","volume":"14","author":"Zhao N.","year":"2014","unstructured":"ZhaoN. and ZhaoY., Risk analysis of the runway excursion and overrun event based on the fault tree and Bayesian network, Journal of Safety and Environment14(3) (2014), 141\u2013145.","journal-title":"Journal of Safety and Environment"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cosrev.2015.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3103\/S1068799817040080"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.25103\/jestr.104.22"}],"container-title":["Journal of Intelligent &amp; Fuzzy Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/JIFS-179764","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.3233\/JIFS-179764","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/JIFS-179764","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T09:24:59Z","timestamp":1770110699000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.3233\/JIFS-179764"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,20]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,25]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3233\/JIFS-179764"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/jifs-179764","relation":{},"ISSN":["1064-1246","1875-8967"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1064-1246","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8967","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,20]]}}}