{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T06:20:53Z","timestamp":1777702853550,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IFS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,26]]},"DOI":"10.3233\/jifs-181414","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,26]],"date-time":"2019-03-26T18:22:10Z","timestamp":1553624530000},"page":"2557-2569","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Intelligent target spectrum estimation based on OFDM signals for cognitive radar applications"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Vahid","family":"Karimi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Mohseni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2006.1593335","article-title":"Cognitive radar: A way of the future","volume":"23","author":"Haykin","year":"2006","journal-title":"IEEE Sig Process Mag"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTSP.2007.897047","article-title":"Information theoretic adaptive radar waveform design for multiple extended targets","volume":"1","author":"Leshem","year":"2007","journal-title":"IEEE J Sel Topics Signal Process"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.3233\/AIS-160388","article-title":"An automatic in-home fall detection system using Doppler radar signatures","volume":"8","author":"Liang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref4","first-page":"1","article-title":"Information-theoretic algorithm for waveform optimization within ultra wideband cognitive radar network","volume":"2","author":"Nijsure","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ultra-Wideband (ICUWB), IEEE International Conference"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref5","unstructured":"V. Karimi and Y. Norouzi, Target detection enhancement based on waveform design in cognitive radar, in Electronics New Zealand Conference (ENZCon), 2013, pp. 40\u201345."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.3390\/aerospace2030376","article-title":"Transmit energy efficiency of two cognitive radar platforms for target identification","volume":"2","author":"Romero","year":"2010","journal-title":"Aerospace"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref7","first-page":"376","article-title":"Waveform design for cognitive radar with deterministic extended targets in the presence Of clutter","volume":"2","author":"Karimi","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Communications, Network and System Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"015004","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JRS.11.015004","article-title":"Optimization of waveform design in the fractional Fourier domain to improve the cognitive radar system","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Remote Sensing"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1588","DOI":"10.3390\/s17071588","article-title":"Towards a cognitive radar: Canada\u2019s third-generation high frequency surface wave radar (HFSWR) for surveillance of the 200 nautical mile exclusive economic zone","volume":"17","author":"Ponsford","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aeue.2009.10.008","article-title":"Multicarrier constant envelope OFDM signal design for radar applications","volume":"64","author":"Mohseni","year":"2010","journal-title":"AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.4316\/AECE.2016.01011","article-title":"Subsiding OOB Emission and ICI power using iPOWER pulse in OFDM systems","volume":"16","author":"Kamal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv Electr Comput Eng"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S. Sen and J. Barhen, Adaptive OFDM waveform design for spatio-temporal-sparsity exploited STAP radar, SPIE Defense+ Security. International Society for Optics and Photonics, 2015.","DOI":"10.1117\/12.2189525"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref13","unstructured":"A.F. Molisch, A. Mammela and D.P. Taylor, Wideband wireless digital communication. Prentice hall PTR, 2000."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref14","first-page":"30","article-title":"The principles of OFDM","volume":"2","author":"Litwin","year":"2001","journal-title":"RF signal Processing"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref15","first-page":"168","volume-title":"In International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Processing Techniques and Applications (PDPTA\u201918)","author":"Karimi","year":"2018"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2985","DOI":"10.3233\/JIFS-169654","article-title":"Doppler tracking and fast compensation for OFDM transmission via non-stationary underwater platforms","volume":"35","author":"Pu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"V. Karimi, R. Mohseni and S. Samadi, OFDM waveform design based on mutual information for cognitive radar appl cations, The Journal of Supercomputing (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11227-018-2648-3","DOI":"10.1007\/s11227-018-2648-3"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref18","unstructured":"J.P. Stralka, Applications of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) to radar. The Johns Hopkins University, 2008."},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M.A. Sebt, Y. Norouzi, A. Sheikhi and M.M. Nayebi, OFDM radar signal design with optimized ambiguity function, In Radar Conference, 2008 RADAR\u201908 IEEE, 2008, pp. 1\u20135. IEEE.","DOI":"10.1109\/RADAR.2008.4720801"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2010.2089628","article-title":"Multiobjective optimization of OFDM radar waveform for target detection","volume":"59","author":"Sen","year":"2011","journal-title":"IEEE Trans on Signal Processing"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.4316\/AECE.2017.03005","article-title":"A novel robust interacting multiple model algorithm for maneuvering target tracking","volume":"17","author":"Ghazal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Advances in Electrical and Computer Engineering"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.3233\/JCM-150578","article-title":"Channel estimation and equalization based on origin analysis","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsp.2015.11.010","article-title":"Joint channel estimation algorithm via weighted Homotopy for massive MIMO OFDM system","volume":"50","author":"Nan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Digital Signal Processing"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsp.2016.02.007","article-title":"Blind channel estimation and signal retrieving for MIMO relay systems","volume":"52","author":"Chiong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Digital Signal Processing"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCT.2003.1209875","article-title":"Channel estimation based on pilot sub-carrier in space-time block coded OFDM system","volume":"2","author":"Liang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Communication Technology Proceedings, 2003 ICCT 2003 International Conference"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aeue.2015.01.008","article-title":"New design of pilot patterns for joint semi-blind estimation of CFO and channel for OFDM systems","volume":"69","author":"Mokhtar","year":"2015","journal-title":"AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1109\/7693.975446","article-title":"Simplified channel estimation for OFDM systems with multiple transmit antennas","volume":"1","author":"Li","year":"2002","journal-title":"IEEE Trans on Wireless Communications"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref28","unstructured":"Y. Shen and E. Martinez, Channel estimation in OFDM systems, Application Note, Freescale Semiconductor 2(6) (2006)."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsp.2012.08.003","article-title":"Channel estimation based on neural network in space time block coded MIMO\u2013OFDM system","volume":"23","author":"Seyman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Digital Signal Processing"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref30","first-page":"1481","article-title":"Switched multi-model estimation using probabilistic neural network decision for maneuvering target tracking","volume":"14","author":"Shi","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Innovative Computing Information and Control"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref31","first-page":"537","article-title":"3D pose estimation using genetic-based iterative closest point algorithm","volume":"14","author":"Lin","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Innovative Computing Information and Control"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. Meng, Y. Li, N. Nguyen, W. Yin and Z. Han, High resolution OFDM channel estimation with low speed ADC using compressive sensing, In Communications (ICC), 2011 IEEE International Conference on, 2011, pp. 1\u20136. IEEE.","DOI":"10.1109\/icc.2011.5962563"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTSP.2011.2169649","article-title":"Compressive sensing based highresolution channel estimation for OFDM system","volume":"6","author":"Meng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Selected Topics in Signal Processing"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1186\/s13634-015-0286-y","article-title":"Target scattering estimation in clutter with polarization optimization","volume":"1","author":"Cheng","year":"2015","journal-title":"EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1007\/s00034-015-0048-y","article-title":"Waveform optimization for target scattering coefficients estimation under detection and peak-to-average power ratio constraints in cognitive radar","volume":"35","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"025017","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JRS.10.025017","article-title":"Optimal waveform-based clutter suppression algorithm for recursive synthetic aperture radar imaging systems","volume":"10","author":"Zhu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Remote Sensing"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsp.2006.05.005","article-title":"A block-diagonal growth curve model","volume":"16","author":"Xu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Digital Signal Process"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref38","first-page":"93","article-title":"Compression of multicarrier phase-coded radar signals based on discrete fourier transform (DFT)","volume":"5","author":"Mohseni","year":"2008","journal-title":"Progress In Electromagnetics Research C"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref39","unstructured":"H.L. Van Trees, Detection, Estimation and Modulation Theory: Radar-Sonar Signal Processing and Gaussian Signals in Noise. Krieger Publishing Co., Inc., 1992."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1109\/4234.901810","article-title":"Cramer-Rao bounds of SNR estimates for BPSK and QPSK modulated signals","volume":"5","author":"Alagha","year":"2001","journal-title":"Communications Letters, IEEE"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref41","first-page":"1348","article-title":"Adaptive frequency allocation in radar imaging: Towards cognitive SAR","volume":"2017","author":"Aberman","journal-title":"In Radar Conference (RadarConf)"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M.R. Khosravi, S. Samadi and O. Akbarzadeh, Determining the optimal range of angle tracking radars, IEEE International Conference on Power, Control, Signals and Instrumentation Engineering (ICPCSI 2017), 2017, pp. 3132\u20133135.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPCSI.2017.8392303"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M.R. Khosravi, O. Akbarzadeh, S.R. Salari, S. Samadi and H. Rostami, An Introduction to ENVI Tools for Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Image Despeckling and Quantitative Comparison of Denoising Filters, IEEE International Conference on Power, Control, Signals and Instrumentation Engineering (ICPCSI 2017), 2017, pp. 212\u2013215.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPCSI.2017.8392114"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref44","unstructured":"S. Samadi, Z.M. Abdi and M.R. Khosravi, Phase unwrapping with quality map and sparse-inpainting in interferometric SAR, 12th European Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar (EUSAR 2018), 2018, pp. 868\u2013871."},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-181414_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M.R. Khosravi, B. Bahri-Aliabadi, R. Salari, S. Samadi, H. Rostami and V. Karimi, A tutorial and performance analysis on ENVI tools for SAR image despeckling, Current Signa Transduction Therapy (2018). doi: 10.2174\/1574362413666181005101315","DOI":"10.2174\/1574362413666181005101315"}],"container-title":["Journal of Intelligent &amp; Fuzzy Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/content.iospress.com\/download?id=10.3233\/JIFS-181414","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T09:37:02Z","timestamp":1777455422000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.3233\/JIFS-181414"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,26]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/jifs-181414","relation":{},"ISSN":["1064-1246","1875-8967"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1064-1246","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8967","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,26]]}}}