{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T06:36:36Z","timestamp":1777703796412,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,27]],"date-time":"2019-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564185600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Intelligent &amp; Fuzzy Systems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The basic system of inquisitive semantics (InqB) established by Groenendijk et al. is a general inquisitive semantic theory which doesn\u2019t concern fuzziness. To explain the fuzzy phenomena in natural languages, this paper extends InqB into the framework of\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    -fuzzifying setting and establishes a basic system of\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    -fuzzifying inquisitive semantics. To begin with, the notion of\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    -fuzzifying supporting mapping is defined, where\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    is a completely distributive lattice with an involution operator and each subset of the universal set of all possible worlds can be regarded as a support of any well-formed formula to some degree. Then the notions of\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    -fuzzifying entailment order,\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    -fuzzifying truth mappings,\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    -fuzzifying informative content mappings and\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    -fuzzifying inquisitive content mappings are introduced and their properties are discussed. Further, the degrees of assertiveness, informativeness, inquisitiveness and questioning of a well-formed formula are defined, by which the\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    -fuzzifying assertive projection operator and the\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    -fuzzifying questioning projection operator are introduced and characterized. Finally, a necessary and sufficient condition is obtained, where a well-formed formula is exactly the disjunction of its unique\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    -fuzzifying assertive projection and unique\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    -fuzzifying questioning projection.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jifs-182500","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,30]],"date-time":"2019-07-30T11:28:29Z","timestamp":1564486109000},"page":"7711-7723","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["<i>M<\/i>\n                    -fuzzifying basic inquisitive semantics"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Li-Li","family":"Xie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Foreign Languages, Hunan University, Hunan, China"}]},{"given":"Xiu-Yun","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Science, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, Hunan, China"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10992-010-9142-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/lnc3.12037"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11229-014-0404-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11229-013-0352-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","first-page":"2008","article-title":"Inquisitive semantics and dialogue pragmatics","author":"Groenendijk J.","unstructured":"GroenendijkJ., Inquisitive semantics and dialogue pragmatics, ESSLLI course notes 2008.","journal-title":"ESSLLI course notes"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","unstructured":"GroenendijkJ. and RoelofsenF. Inquisitive semantics and pragmatics In Proceedings of the ILCLI International Workshop on Semantics Pragmatics and Rhetoric SPR-09 2009 pp. 41\u201372."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-00665-4_8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-46906-4_9","article-title":"Towards a suppositional inquisitive semantics","volume":"8984","author":"Groenendijk J.","year":"2013","unstructured":"GroenendijkJ. and RoelofsenF., Towards a suppositional inquisitive semantics, Logic, Language, and Computation: The 10th International Tbilisi Symposium on Logic, Language, and Computation, TbiLLC 2013, Springer 8984 (2013), 137\u2013156.","journal-title":"Logic, Language, and Computation: The 10th International Tbilisi Symposium on Logic, Language, and Computation, TbiLLC 2013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","unstructured":"MascarenhasS. Inquisitive semantics and logic University of Amsterdam MSc Thesis 2009."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/int.20034"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-31182-3_21"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11229-013-0282-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0888-613X(91)90006-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/249183","article-title":"A new approach to the fuzzification of convex structures","author":"Shi F.G.","year":"2014","unstructured":"ShiF.G. and XiuZ.Y., A new approach to the fuzzification of convex structures, Journal of Applied Mathematics (2014), 1\u201312.","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Mathematics"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","first-page":"315","article-title":"Assertion","volume":"9","author":"Stalnaker R.","year":"1978","unstructured":"StalnakerR., Assertion, Syntax and Semantics 9 (1978), 315\u2013332.","journal-title":"Syntax and Semantics"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-5079-2_5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0114(98)00078-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11229-013-0355-4"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","first-page":"173","article-title":"Catergory and subcatergories of (L;M)-fuzzy convex spaces","volume":"16","author":"Wu X.Y.","year":"2019","unstructured":"WuX.Y. and LiE.Q., Catergory and subcatergories of (L;M)-fuzzy convex spaces, Iranian Journal of Fuzzy Systems 16(1) (2019), 173\u2013190.","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Fuzzy Systems"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-0255(71)80004-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01969727208542910"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","first-page":"425","article-title":"Test-score semantics for natrual languages","volume":"1","author":"Zadeh L.A.","year":"1982","unstructured":"ZadehL.A., Test-score semantics for natrual languages, COLING\u2019 82, Prague 1 (1982), 425\u2013430.","journal-title":"COLING\u2019 82, Prague"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-37522-7_2"}],"container-title":["Journal of Intelligent &amp; Fuzzy Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/JIFS-182500","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.3233\/JIFS-182500","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/JIFS-182500","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T09:39:38Z","timestamp":1777455578000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.3233\/JIFS-182500"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,27]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,23]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3233\/JIFS-182500"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/jifs-182500","relation":{},"ISSN":["1064-1246","1875-8967"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1064-1246","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8967","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,27]]}}}