{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T06:50:49Z","timestamp":1777704649049,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IFS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Face is the most important and most popular biometric used in many identification and verification systems. In these systems, for reducing recognition error rate, the quality of input images need to be as high as possible. Face Image Compliancy verification (FICV) is one of the most essential methods for this purpose. In this research, a brain functionality inspired model is presented for FICV using Haxby model, which is a face visual perception consistent model containing three bilateral areas for three different functionalities. As a result, contribution of this work is presenting a new model, based on human brain functionality, improving the compliancy verification of face images in FICV context. Perceptual understanding of an image is the motivation of most of the quality assessment methods, i.e., the human quality perception is considered as a gold standard and a perfect reference for recognition and quality assessment. The model presented in this work aims to make the operational process of face image quality assessment system closer to the performance of a human expert. Three basic modules have been introduced. Face structural information, for initial information encoding, is simulated by an extended Viola-Jones model. Face image quality assessment is presented by International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), in ICAO (ISO \/ IEC19794 -11) requirements\u2019 compliancy assessment document. Like Haxby model, perception is performed through two distinct functional and neurological pathways, using Hierarchical Maximum pooling (HMAX) and Convolutional Deep Belief Networks (CDBN). Information storing and fetching for training are similar to their corresponding modules in brain. For simulating the brain decision making, the final results of two separate paths are integrated by weighting sum operator. Nine ISO \/ ICAO requirements were used for testing the model. The simulation results, using AR and PUT databases, shows improvements in six requirements using the proposed method, in comparison with the FICV benchmark.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jifs-189171","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,8]],"date-time":"2020-09-08T10:03:10Z","timestamp":1599559390000},"page":"8543-8555","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["An inspired haxby brain perceptual model for facial images quality assessment"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Azamossadat","family":"Nourbakhsh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad-Shahram","family":"Moin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICT Research Institute (ITRC), Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arash","family":"Sharifi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-189171_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3131","DOI":"10.3233\/IFS-141270","article-title":"Robust face recognition using computationally efficient features","volume":"27","author":"Khan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-189171_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1819","DOI":"10.3233\/IFS-141468","article-title":"Face recognition via optimized features fusion","volume":"28","author":"Khan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-189171_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JIFS-179723"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-189171_ref4","unstructured":"ISO\/IEC 19794-5, Information technology - Biometric data interchange formats - Part 5: Face image data, 2011."},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-189171_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3345336.3345338"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-189171_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SIBGRAPI.2016.033"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-189171_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2018.2799585"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-189171_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/S1364-6613(00)01482-0","article-title":"The distributed human neural system for face perception","volume":"4","author":"Haxby","year":"2000","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-189171_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1109\/34.1000242","article-title":"Face detection in color images","volume":"24","author":"Hsu","year":"2002","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-189171_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ferrara M. , Franco A. , Maio D. and Maltoni D. , Face Image Conformance to ISO\/ICAO Standards in Machine Readable Travel Documents, IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security 7(4) August 2012.","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2012.2198643"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-189171_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1504\/IJBM.2013.050734","article-title":"Automated conformance testing for ISO\/IEC 19794-5 Standard on facial photo specifications","volume":"5","author":"Nguyen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Biometrics"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-189171_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICMEAE.2015.12"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-189171_ref17","first-page":"225","article-title":"Facial Image Quality Assessment based on ISO\/ICAO Standard Compliance Estimation by HMAX Model","volume":"7","author":"Nourbakhsh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Information Systems Telecommunication"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-189171_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1724","article-title":"Understanding the recognition of facial identity and facial expression","volume":"6","author":"Calder","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-189171_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1857","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.09.018","article-title":"Three stages of facial expression processing: erp study with rapid serial visual presentation","volume":"49","author":"Luo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-189171_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Turk-Browne N.B. , Norman-Haignere S.V. and McCarthy G. , Face-specific resting functional connectivity between the fusiform gyrus and posterior superior temporal sulcus, Front Hum Neurosci 4 (2010).","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2010.00176"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-189171_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhs360","article-title":"Neural responses to expression and gaze in the posterior superior temporal sulcus interact with facial identity","volume":"24","author":"Baseler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-189171_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":">105","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.1971.1054574","article-title":"Nonparametric Feature selection","volume":"17","author":"Patrick","year":"1971","journal-title":"IEEE Transaction on Information Theory"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-189171_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/1028\/1\/012119"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-189171_ref27","first-page":"6","article-title":"A Computerized analysis of facial expression: feasibility of automated discrimination","volume":"2","author":"Chon","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am Psychol Soc"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-189171_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2007.56","article-title":"Maximilian Riesenhuber, and Tomaso Poggio, Robust object recognition with cortex-like mechanisms","volume":"29","author":"Serre","year":"2007","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-189171_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1038\/14819","article-title":"Hierarchical models of object recognition in cortex","volume":"2","author":"Riesenhuber","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-189171_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2012.2222900","article-title":"Extended coding and pooling in the HMAX model","volume":"22","author":"Th\u00e9riault","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-189171_ref35","unstructured":"Lee H. , Grosse R. , Ranganath R. and Ng A.Y. , Convolutional deep belief networks for scalable unsupervised learning of hierarchical representations, in: Proceedings of the 26th Annual International Conference on Machine Learning, ACM, Montreal, Canada, (2009), pp. 609\u2013616."},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-189171_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1145\/2001269.2001295","article-title":"Unsupervised learning of hierarchical representations with convolutional deep belief networks, Commun","volume":"54","author":"Honglak","year":"2011","journal-title":"ACM"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-189171_ref38","first-page":"59","article-title":"The PUT Face Database","volume":"13","author":"Kasinski","year":"2008","journal-title":"Image Processing & Communication"}],"container-title":["Journal of Intelligent &amp; Fuzzy Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/content.iospress.com\/download?id=10.3233\/JIFS-189171","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T09:41:42Z","timestamp":1777455702000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.3233\/JIFS-189171"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Vijayakumar","family":"Varadarajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piet","family":"Kommers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Piuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Subramaniyaswamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,4]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/jifs-189171","relation":{},"ISSN":["1064-1246","1875-8967"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1064-1246","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8967","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,4]]}}}