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Furthermore, to explore the gap between users\u2019 evaluation and innovation suppliers\u2019 perception, this study addresses this issue based on both perspectives of suppliers and buyers. To assess the applicability of the proposed model, we employed questionnaires survey and collected primary data from 3D printing suppliers and their customers. Moreover, the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) approach has been applied for evaluating the effectiveness of relationship marketing and innovation in 3D printing medical market. Finally, the numerical results indicate that there is one causal configuration (i.e., 1A) found to be sufficient for high user satisfaction for the perspectives of 3D printing suppliers and three configurations for the perspectives of 3D printing customers. In the perspectives of 3D printing suppliers, the combination of relationship marketing, innovation, and 3D printing perceived value is sufficient conditions causing high user satisfaction. However, there are three causal configurations (i.e., 1B, 2B, and 3B) found to be sufficient for high user satisfaction for the perspectives of 3D printing customers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jifs-189588","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,29]],"date-time":"2020-12-29T11:03:28Z","timestamp":1609239808000},"page":"7681-7690","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Using fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis for evaluating the effectiveness of relationship marketing and innovation in 3D printing medical market"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Cheng-Feng","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Business Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ta-Cheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3D Printing Medical Research Institute, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Information Management, National Formosa University, Yunlin, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-189588_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jretai.2009.09.001","article-title":"When do relationships pay off for small retailers? 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