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A Non-deterministic Polynomial model aiming to minimize the total vehicle service distance is developed. We use an agent-based model to simulate the optimized charging station location based on Anylogic. Through a case study of Beijing, we test the model in five situations. The results of one situation show that the existing layout of the charging stations is unreasonable when charging frequency is sharply variant (basic model); this paper optimizes the existing location by improving the constraint for the smallest number of charging stations (improved model); compared with the basic model, the improved model has a shorter response time to passenger demand, shorter service time for passengers but more mileage for electric vehicles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jifs-189960","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,14]],"date-time":"2021-05-14T12:05:22Z","timestamp":1620993922000},"page":"4735-4747","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Layout evaluation for electric vehicle charging pile based on charging frequency"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Xiangke","family":"Cui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Economics and Management, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian, China"}]},{"given":"Zhenji","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Economics and Management, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian, China"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Capital Metro Co., Ltd, Shunyi, China"}]},{"given":"Jingya","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Economics and Management, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian, China"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2009.05.050"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.1120.0430"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11067-014-9275-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"An optimization model for locating electric vehicle charging stations in central urban areas","volume":"10","author":"Frade I.","year":"2011","unstructured":"FradeI., RibeiroA., GoncalvesG., et al., An optimization model for locating electric vehicle charging stations in central urban areas, Journal of Transport Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board10 (2011), 1\u201319.","journal-title":"Journal of Transport Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2015.01.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-16111-7_35"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.2013.0490"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tre.2015.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2016.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tre.2011.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Optimal routing and scheduling of charge for electric vehicles: Case study","volume":"2017","author":"Barco J.","year":"2013","unstructured":"BarcoJ., GuerraA., Mu\u00f1ozL. and QuijanoN., Optimal routing and scheduling of charge for electric vehicles: Case study, Mathematical Problems in Engineering2017 (2013), 1\u201321.","journal-title":"Mathematical Problems in Engineering"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2016.01.038"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.endm.2014.11.029"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"The PHEV charging infrastructure planning (PCIP) problem","volume":"11","author":"Dashora Y.","year":"2010","unstructured":"DashoraY., BarnesJ., CombsR., HilliardM. and ChinthavaliM., The PHEV charging infrastructure planning (PCIP) problem, International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems11 (2010), 1\u201313.","journal-title":"International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","unstructured":"IpA. 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