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This paper presents a lightweight image encryption scheme for medical image security feasible to realize as concurrent architectural blocks on reconfigurable hardware like FPGA to achieve higher throughput. In the proposed encryption scheme, Lorentz attractor\u2019s chaotic keys perform the diffusion process. Simultaneously, the pseudo-random memory addresses obtained from a Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR) circuit accomplishes the confusion process. The proposed algorithm implemented on Intel Cyclone IV FPGA (EP4CE115F29C7) analyzed the optimal number of concurrent blocks to achieve a tradeoff among throughput and resource utilization. Security analyses such as information entropy, histogram, correlation, and PSNR confirms the algorithm\u2019s encryption quality. The strength of diffusion keys was ensured by randomness verification through the standard test suite from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). The proposed scheme has a larger keyspace of 2384 that guarantees good confusion through near-zero correlation, and successful diffusion with a PSNR of &lt;5\u200adB towards the statistical attacks. Based on the hardware analysis, the optimal number of concurrent architectural blocks (2\u200aN) on the chosen FPGA to achieve higher throughput (639.37\u200aMbps), low power dissipation (138.85\u200amW), minimal resource utilization (1268 Logic Elements) and better encryption quality for the proposed algorithm is recommended as 4 (with N\u200a=\u200a2).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jifs-200203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,30]],"date-time":"2021-03-30T14:37:47Z","timestamp":1617115067000},"page":"10385-10400","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Optimal concurrency on FPGA for lightweight medical image encryption"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Vinoth","family":"Raj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical & Electronics Engineering (SEEE), SASTRA Deemed University, Thirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siva","family":"Janakiraman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical & Electronics Engineering (SEEE), SASTRA Deemed University, Thirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rengarajan","family":"Amirtharajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical & Electronics Engineering (SEEE), SASTRA Deemed University, Thirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-200203_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-ipr.2018.5900","article-title":"Novel image encryption algorithm based on improved logistic map","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"IET Image Process"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-200203_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1109\/5.286196","article-title":"Evaluating Quality of Compressed Medical Images: SNR, Subjective Rating, and Diagnostic Accuracy","volume":"82","author":"Cosman","year":"1994","journal-title":"Proc IEEE"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-200203_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1109\/5.364466","article-title":"Radiologic Image Compression\u2014A Review","volume":"83","author":"Wong","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc IEEE"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-200203_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rajagopalan S. , Rethinam S. , Arumugham S. , Upadhyay H.N. , Rayappan J.B.B. and Amirtharajan R. , Networked hardware assisted key image and chaotic attractors for secure RGB image communication, Multimedia Tools and Applications 77(18) (2018).","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-017-5566-0"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-200203_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2018","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpro.2018.06.011","article-title":"ON\u2013Chip peripherals are ON for chaos \u2013an image fused encryption, 257\u2013278","volume":"61","author":"Rajagopalan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microprocess. 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