{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T07:04:20Z","timestamp":1777705460968,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IFS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Milk-run is a delivery method allowing to move small quantities of a large number of different items with predictable lead times from various suppliers to a customer. The main goal is to minimize the transportation cost by minimizing the travel distance and by maximizing vehicle capacities. The effects of uncertainties in arrival times of vehicles and loading times of shipments should also be considered in modeling the milk-run problems. In this paper, a multi-objective linear programming model, an ordinary fuzzy multi-objective linear programming model and an intuitionistic fuzzy multi-objective linear programming model are proposed for the milk-run modeling under time window constraints. The proposed approaches are applied on the real-life data of Borusan Logistics which is one of the largest logistics firms in Turkey and the results are presented.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jifs-219174","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,7]],"date-time":"2021-07-07T05:25:57Z","timestamp":1625635557000},"page":"47-62","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Intuitionistic fuzzy multi-objective milk-run modelling under time window constraints"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Esra","family":"\u00c7ak\u0131r","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Industrial Engineering, Galatasaray University, Ortakoy\/Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ziya","family":"Ulukan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Industrial Engineering, Galatasaray University, Ortakoy\/Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cengiz","family":"Kahraman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Industrial Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Besiktas\/Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Canan \u00d6l\u00e7er","family":"Sa\u011flam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Borusan Logistics, Kagithane\/Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Burcu","family":"Kuleli Pak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Etkin Project Management and Consultancy, Kozyatagi\/Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bahad\u0131r","family":"Pekcan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Borusan Logistics, Kagithane\/Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/S0019-9958(65)90241-X","article-title":"Fuzzy sets","volume":"8","author":"Zadeh","year":"1965","journal-title":"Inf Control"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0114(86)80034-3","article-title":"Intuitionistic fuzzy sets","volume":"20","author":"Atanassov","year":"1986","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets Syst"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-0255(75)90046-8","article-title":"The concept of a linguistic variable and its application to approximate reasoning II","volume":"8","author":"Zadeh","year":"1975","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1002\/mana.19750680109","article-title":"Intervallwertige Mengen","volume":"68","author":"Jahn","year":"1975","journal-title":"Math Nach"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1002\/malq.19760220120","article-title":"Fuzzy membership mapped onto intervals and many-valued quantities","volume":"22","author":"Grattan-Guinness","year":"1976","journal-title":"Math Logic Q"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1080\/03081078608934952","article-title":"On the theory of bags","volume":"13","author":"Yager","year":"1986","journal-title":"Int J General Syst"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref8","first-page":"118","article-title":"Probability, set, andlogic, ProQuest information & learning,USA","volume":"105","author":"Smarandache","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Arbor, Michigan,"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2006.889755","article-title":"Uncertain fuzzy reasoning: a case study in modelling expert decision making","volume":"15","author":"Garibaldi","year":"2007","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Fuzzy Syst"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref10","first-page":"529","article-title":"Hesitant fuzzy sets","volume":"25","author":"Torra","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Intell Syst"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1002\/int.21584","article-title":"Pythagorean membership grades, complex numbers, and decision making","volume":"28","author":"Yager","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Intell Syst"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref12","first-page":"419","article-title":"Picture fuzzy sets","volume":"30","author":"Cuong","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Comput Sci Cybern"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2016.2604005","article-title":"Generalized orthopair fuzzy sets","volume":"25","author":"Yager","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Fuzzy Syst"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.3233\/JIFS-181401","article-title":"Spherical fuzzy sets and spherical fuzzy TOPSIS method","volume":"36","author":"Kutlu G\u00fcndo\u011fdu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Intell Fuzzy Syst"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FUZZ48607.2020.9177733"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref17","first-page":"201288","article-title":"An ordered-fuzzy-numbers-driven approach to the milk-run routing and scheduling problem","volume":"49","author":"Bocewicz","year":"2021","journal-title":"2021 Journal of Computational Science"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GOL.2014.6887421"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1882","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ifacol.2015.06.361","article-title":"Operating Strategies for In-Plant Milk-Run Systems","volume":"48","author":"Klenk","year":"2015","journal-title":"IFAC-Papers On Line"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-015-7442-2","article-title":"Simulation-based efficiency analysis of an in-plant milk-run operator under disturbances","volume":"82","author":"Korytkowski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Adv Manuf Technol"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEEM.2015.7385667"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.14743\/apem2018.2.282","article-title":"A robust hybrid heuristic algorithm to solve multi-plant milk-run pickup problem with uncertain demand in automobile parts industry","volume":"13","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Advances in Production Engineering & Management"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2009.10.028","article-title":"Optimizing the storage assignment in a warehouse served by milkrun logistics","volume":"133","author":"Kovacs","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J Production Economics"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2013.11.015","article-title":"Optimal design of the auto parts supply chain for JIT operations: Sequential bifurcation factor screening and multi-response surface methodology","volume":"236","author":"Shi","year":"2014","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmsy.2014.05.004","article-title":"Cross-docking and milk-run logistics in a consolidation network: A hybrid of harmony search and simulated annealing approach","volume":"33","author":"Hosseini","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of manufacturing Systems"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trpro.2017.05.453","article-title":"The modeling of milk-run vehicle routing problem based on improved CW algorithm that joined time window","volume":"25","author":"Mei","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transportation Research Procedia"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tre.2016.10.014","article-title":"Dynamic routing for milk-run tours with time windows in stochastic time dependent networks","volume":"97","author":"G\u00fcner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part E"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apm.2017.08.009","article-title":"A mathematical programming model for integrating production and procurement transport decisions","volume":"52","author":"D\u00edaz-Madro\u00f1ero","year":"2017","journal-title":"Applied Mathematical Modelling"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2019.01.026","article-title":"An agent-based approach to evaluate collaborative strategies in milk-run OEM operations","volume":"129","author":"Arag\u00e3o","year":"2019","journal-title":"Computers & Industrial Engineering"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1007\/s10479-019-03218-x","article-title":"Milk-run routing problem with progress-lane in the collection of automobile parts","volume":"291","author":"Mao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Annals of Operations Research"},{"issue":"9-12","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-011-3875-4","article-title":"Classification andmodeling for in-plant milk-run distribution systems","volume":"62","author":"Kilic","year":"2012","journal-title":"TheInternational Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref36","first-page":"1373","article-title":"Modeling and solving the multi-depot vehicle routing problem with time window by considering the flexible end depot in each route","volume":"3","author":"Mirabi","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Supply and Operations Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1007\/s10479-015-2001-7","article-title":"Multi-trip pickup and delivery problem with time windows and synchronization","volume":"253","author":"Nguyen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Annals of Operations Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.24425\/mper.2019.129597","article-title":"Milk-run routing and scheduling subject to a trade-off between vehicle fleet size and storage capacity","volume":"10","author":"Bocewicz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Management and Production Engineering Review"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-27652-2_6"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00207543.2020.1766717"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-99996-8_15","article-title":"Declarative Modeling of Milk-run Vehicle Routing Problem for Split and Merge Supply Streams Scheduling","volume":"853","author":"Bocewicz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing (AISC)"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dubey D. and Mehra A. , Linear programming with triangular intuitionistic fuzzy number, in: Proceedings of the 7th conference of the European Society for Fuzzy Logic and Technology. Atlantis Press, (2011), 563\u2013569.","DOI":"10.2991\/eusflat.2011.78"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0114(78)90031-3","article-title":"Fuzzy programming and linear programming with several objective functions","volume":"1","author":"Zimmermann","year":"1978","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets and Systems"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4607","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-019-04222-w","article-title":"A Novel Spherical Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process and its Renewable Energy Application","volume":"24","author":"Kutlu Gundogdu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Soft Computing"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4941","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-018-3140-y","article-title":"A novel interval-valued Neutrosophic AHPwith Cosine Similarity Measure","volume":"22","author":"Bolturk","year":"2018","journal-title":"Soft Computing"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-219174_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssci.2018.04.031","article-title":"A new risk assessment approach: Safety and Critical Effect Analysis (SCEA) and its extension with Pythagorean fuzzy sets","volume":"108","author":"Karasan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Safety Science"}],"container-title":["Journal of Intelligent &amp; Fuzzy Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/content.iospress.com\/download?id=10.3233\/JIFS-219174","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T09:43:53Z","timestamp":1777455833000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.3233\/JIFS-219174"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,31]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/jifs-219174","relation":{},"ISSN":["1064-1246","1875-8967"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1064-1246","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8967","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,31]]}}}