{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T07:09:45Z","timestamp":1777705785428,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,24]],"date-time":"2021-12-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640304000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Intelligent &amp; Fuzzy Systems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Human-aware Artificial Intelligent systems are goal directed autonomous systems that are capable of interacting, collaborating, and teaming with humans. Activity reasoning is a formal reasoning approach that aims to provide common sense reasoning capabilities to these interactive and intelligent systems. This reasoning can be done by considering evidences \u2013which may be conflicting\u2013related to activities a human performs. In this context, it is important to consider the temporality of such evidence in order to distinguish activities and to analyse the relations between activities. Our approach is based on formal argumentation reasoning, specifically, Timed Argumentation Frameworks (TAF), which is an appropriate technique for dealing with inconsistencies in knowledge bases. Our approach involves two steps: local selection and global selection. In the local selection, a model of the world and of the human\u2019s mind is constructed in form of hypothetical fragments of activities (pieces of evidences) by considering a set of observations. These hypothetical fragments have two kinds of relations: a conflict relation and a temporal relation. Based on these relations, the argumentation attack notion is defined. We define two forms of attacks namely the strong and the weak attack. The former has the same characteristics of attacks in TAF whereas for the latter the TAF approach has to be extended. For determining consistent sets of hypothetical fragments, that are part of an activity or are part of a set of non-conflicting activities, extension-based argumentation semantics are applied. In the global selection, the degrees of fulfillment of activities is determined. We study some properties of our approach and apply it to a scenario where a human performs activities with different temporal relations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jifs-219229","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,24]],"date-time":"2021-12-24T10:27:32Z","timestamp":1640341652000},"page":"4387-4398","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Handling temporality in human activity reasoning"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Mariela","family":"Morveli-Espinoza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering (CPGEI), Federal University of Technology of Parana (UTFPR), Curitiba - Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"Nieves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computing Science, Ume\u00e5 University, Ume\u00e5 - Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cesar Augusto","family":"Tacla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering (CPGEI), Federal University of Technology of Parana (UTFPR), Curitiba - Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/182.358434"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","unstructured":"BratmanM. 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In AAAI-21 Workshop on Plan Activity and Intent Recognition (PAIR 2021) held at the ThirtyFifth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-21) Virtual February 9 2021 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","unstructured":"NievesJ.C. GuerreroE. and LindgrenH. Reasoning about human activities: an argumentative approach. In 12th Scandinavian Conference on Artificial Intelligence (SCAI 2013) Aalborg Denmark November 20-22 (2013) pp. 195\u2013204 2013."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-008-0181-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmcj.2014.02.003"}],"container-title":["Journal of Intelligent &amp; Fuzzy Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/JIFS-219229","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.3233\/JIFS-219229","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/JIFS-219229","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T09:45:12Z","timestamp":1777455912000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.3233\/JIFS-219229"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,24]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,31]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3233\/JIFS-219229"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/jifs-219229","relation":{},"ISSN":["1064-1246","1875-8967"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1064-1246","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8967","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,24]]}}}