{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T06:54:00Z","timestamp":1777704840655,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IFS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The process of associating words with their relevant parts of speech is known as part-of-speech (POS) tagging. It takes a substantial amount of well-organized data or corpora and significant target language research to obtain good performance for a tagger. Mizo is a language that needs more research attention in computational linguistics due to its under-resourced nature. The limited availability of corpora and relevant literature adds complexity to the task of assigning POS labels to Mizo text. This paper explores two methods to potentially improve the Hidden Markov Model (HMM)-based POS tagger for the Mizo language. The proposed taggers are compared with the baseline HMM tagger and the N-gram taggers on the designed Mizo corpus, which consists of 72,077 manually tagged tokens. The experimental results proved that the two proposed taggers enhanced the HMM-based Mizo POS tagger, achieving 81.52% and 84.29% accuracy, respectively. Moreover, a comprehensive analysis of the performance of the suggested hybrid tagger was conducted, yielding a weighted average precision, recall, and F1-score of 83.09%, 77.88%, and 79.64% respectively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jifs-224220","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T12:08:03Z","timestamp":1697198883000},"page":"11725-11736","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Enhancing HMM-based POS tagger for Mizo language"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Morrel V.L.","family":"Nunsanga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Technology, Mizoram University, Mizoram, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Partha","family":"Pakray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department CSE, NIT Silchar, Assam, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toijam Sonalika","family":"Devi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Technology, Mizoram University, Mizoram, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L. Lolit Kr","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of ECE, Mizoram University, Mizoram, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-224220_ref6","first-page":"67","article-title":"Maximum entropy based bengali part of speech tagging, A. Gelbukh (Ed.), Advances in","volume":"33","author":"Ekbal","year":"2008","journal-title":"Natural Language Processing and Applications, Research in Computing Science (RCS) Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-224220_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.3182\/20140313-3-IN-3024.00041","article-title":"Neural network based parts of speech tagger for hindi","volume":"47","author":"Narayan","year":"2014","journal-title":"IFAC Proceedings"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-224220_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101054","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csl.2019.101054","article-title":"Towards the first maithili part of speech tagger: Resource creation and system development","volume":"62","author":"Priyadarshi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Computer Speech & Language"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-224220_ref14","first-page":"147","article-title":"Part-of-speech tagging for hindi corpus in poor resource scenario","volume":"5","author":"Modi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Multimedia Information System"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-224220_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4018\/IJIRR.2021100101","article-title":"Pos tagging and ner system for kannada using conditional random fields","volume":"11","author":"Swamy","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Information Retrieval Research (IJIRR)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-224220_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.4018\/IJSE.2018010102","article-title":"Development of part of speech tagger for assamese using hmm","volume":"9","author":"Daimary","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Synthetic Emotions (IJSE)"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-224220_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tham M.J. , A hybrid pos tagger for khasi, an under resourced language, International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications 11(10) (2020).","DOI":"10.14569\/IJACSA.2020.0111042"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-224220_ref22","first-page":"1","article-title":"Part-of-speech (pos) tagging using deep learning-based approaches on the designed khasi pos corpus","volume":"21","author":"Warjri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-224220_ref24","first-page":"0975","article-title":"Parts of speech tagging for indian languages: A literature survey","volume":"34","author":"Antony","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Journal of Computer Applications"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-224220_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s42452-020-2983-x","article-title":"A comprehensive survey on indian regional language processing","volume":"2","author":"Harish","year":"2020","journal-title":"SN Applied Sciences"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-224220_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.5120\/540-704","article-title":"Part of speech taggers for morphologically rich indian languages: A survey","volume":"6","author":"Kumar","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Computer Applications"}],"container-title":["Journal of Intelligent &amp; Fuzzy Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/content.iospress.com\/download?id=10.3233\/JIFS-224220","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T09:42:08Z","timestamp":1777455728000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.3233\/JIFS-224220"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,2]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/jifs-224220","relation":{},"ISSN":["1064-1246","1875-8967"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1064-1246","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8967","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,2]]}}}