{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T06:49:31Z","timestamp":1777704571955,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IFS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Internet of Things (IoT) technology now has a new purpose and relevance as a result of the digitalization wave. In this setting, businesses start to plan how they will use IoT technology. But some critical factors can prevent the successful deployment of IoT, and businesses must get beyond these critical factors if they want to do so. The literature review, system literature review, and Delphi technique are used to identify 15 critical factors. These critical factors are then divided into four categories: organization, technology, process, and environment. The PFN-weighted power harmonic operator is proposed with the aim of more effectively obtaining assessment data from experts and lessening the inaccuracy of outcomes caused by information loss. The best and worst method (BWM) is used to determine the ideal weight of critical factors. Results indicate that the primary critical factors to the effective adoption of the Internet of Things are talent, resource limitations, integration complexity, technical operations, equipment power consumption, technical dependability, and data governance. This research will benefit corporate managers in recognizing the significance of the effective deployment of the Internet of Things, identifying major critical factors to this achievement, and making decisions to remove these factors. Thus, an organization may support the effective adoption of the animal Internet of Things.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jifs-231023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,14]],"date-time":"2023-07-14T11:39:33Z","timestamp":1689334773000},"page":"5303-5323","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation of critical factors for the successful implementation of the Internet of Things based on PFN-Best Worst Method"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Eryang","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Business, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, P.R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiangqian","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Business, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, P.R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cuiping","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mathematical Sciences, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P.R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1108\/TG-08-2019-0083","article-title":"Effective and efficient usage of big data analytics in public sector","volume":"14","author":"Merhi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy"},{"issue":"01","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tre.2017.04.001","article-title":"Understanding big data analytics capabilities in supply chain management: unravelling the issues, challenges and implications for practice","volume":"114","author":"Arunachalam","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1108\/IJRDM-04-2017-0080","article-title":"A new approach to retailing for successfulcompetition in the new smart scenario","volume":"46","author":"Pantano","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7395","DOI":"10.1080\/00207543.2018.1542176","article-title":"Challenges in supply chain redesign for the circular economy: a literature review and a multiple case study","volume":"57","author":"Bressanelli","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Research"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102526","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2021.102526","article-title":"On the design and implementation of a secure blockchain-based hybrid framework for industrial internet-of-things","volume":"58","author":"Rathee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Information Processing & Management"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.technovation.2020.102173","article-title":"Internet of things and big data as enablers for business digitalization strategies","volume":"98","author":"Sestino","year":"2020","journal-title":"Technovation"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2022.102545","article-title":"An evaluation of the critical success factors barrier artificial intelligence implementation","volume":"69","author":"Merhi","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Information Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1108\/JWAM-09-2019-0027","article-title":"Successful business intelligence implementation: a systematic literature review","volume":"11","author":"El-Adaileh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Work Applied Management"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref9","first-page":"5","article-title":"Identifying key effective factors on the implementation process of business intelligence in the banking industry of Iran","volume":"7","author":"Rezaei","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Intelligence Studies in Business"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2020.12.049","article-title":"Determinants in adopting the internet of things in the transport and logistics industry","volume":"131","author":"Rey","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Business Research"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijepes.2020.106124","article-title":"Research on the influence factors of ubiquitous power Internet of things for promoting consumption of wind power based on fuzzy G1-ISM in China","volume":"121","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biosystemseng.2019.12.013","article-title":"Internet of things in arable farming: implementation, applications, challenges and potential","volume":"191","author":"Villa-Henriksen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biosystems Engineering"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122047","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2020.122047","article-title":"Internet of things (IoT) adoption barriers of smart cities\u2019 waste management: an indian context","volume":"270","author":"Sharma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Cleaner Production"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.technovation.2022.102589","article-title":"Integrated blockchain and 1097 internet of things in the food supply chain: adoption barriers","volume":"118","author":"Kumar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Technovation"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jretconser.2019.02.020","article-title":"Modeling the internet of things adoption barriers in food retail supply chains","volume":"48","author":"Kamble","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.technovation.2021.102427","article-title":"Challenges in the implementation of internet of things projects and actions to overcome them","volume":"118","author":"Martens","year":"2022","journal-title":"Technovation"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref17","first-page":"932","article-title":"Waste management system using AWS","volume":"5","author":"Deore","year":"2019","journal-title":"Waste Management."},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101989","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2019.07.015","article-title":"Exploring knowledge management perspectives in smart city research: a review and future research agenda","volume":"56","author":"Israilidis","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Information Management"},{"issue":"01","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scs.2020.102364","article-title":"Convergence of blockchain and artificial intelligence in IoT network for the sustainable smart city","volume":"63","author":"Singh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sustainable Cities and Society"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1477","DOI":"10.1108\/JEIM-07-2018-0148","article-title":"The case for blockchain in IoT identity management","volume":"35","author":"Sousa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Enterprise InformationManagement"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6548","DOI":"10.3390\/en13246548","article-title":"Identification of relevant criteria set in the MCDAprocess\u2014wind farm location case study","volume":"13","author":"Kizielewicz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Energies"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.3390\/fi12060107","article-title":"Validating the adoption of heterogeneous internet of things with blockchain","volume":"12","author":"AlSuwaidan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Future Internet"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compag.2017.09.015","article-title":"Review of IoT applications in agro-industrial and environmental fields","volume":"142","author":"Talavera","year":"2017","journal-title":"Computers and Electronics in Agriculture"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3281","DOI":"10.3390\/app9163281","article-title":"Design, deployment and evolution of heterogeneous smart public lighting systems","volume":"9","author":"Pasolini","year":"2019","journal-title":"Applied Sciences"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1108\/JMTM-05-2017-0094","article-title":"Examining potential benefits and challenges associated with the internet of things integration in supply chains","volume":"28","author":"Haddud","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2017.04.002","article-title":"Internet of things security: a survey","volume":"88","author":"Alaba","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Network and Computer Applications"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1109\/MIC.2017.4180835","article-title":"A layered model for AI governance","volume":"21","author":"Gasser","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Computing"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4484","DOI":"10.3390\/en12234484","article-title":"A widespread review of smart grids towards smart cities","volume":"12","author":"Farmanbar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Energies"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3247","DOI":"10.3390\/app9163247","article-title":"and Sumper, Contribution of smart cities to the energy sustainability of the binomial between city and country","volume":"9","author":"Villa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Applied Sciences"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10983","DOI":"10.3390\/su131910983","article-title":"Analyzing the adoption, challenges of the internet of things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI) for smart cities in china","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/9324035","article-title":"Internet of things: architectures, protocols, and applications","volume":"2017","author":"Sethi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43620","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3065880","article-title":"A comprehensive review of blockchain consensus mechanisms","volume":"9","author":"Lashkari","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omega.2014.11.009","article-title":"Best-worst multi-criteria decision-making method","volume":"53","author":"Rezaei","year":"2015","journal-title":"Omega"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1002\/int.21676","article-title":"Extension of TOPSIS to multiple criteria decision making with pythagorean fuzzy sets","volume":"29","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121981","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2020.121981","article-title":"Sustainable supplier selection: a novel integrated fuzzybest worst method (F-BWM) and fuzzy CoCoSo with Bonferroni (CoCoSo\u2019B) multi-criteria model","volume":"266","author":"Ecer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Cleaner Production"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2020.106279","article-title":"A new fuzzy approach based on BWM and fuzzy preference programming for hospital performance evaluation: a case study","volume":"92","author":"Amiri","year":"2020","journal-title":"Applied Soft Computing"},{"issue":"2019","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref37","first-page":"657","article-title":"Hospital performance evaluation by a hesitant fuzzy linguistic best worst method with inconsistency repairing","volume":"232","author":"Liao","journal-title":"Journal of Cleaner Production"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.15388\/Informatica.2018.157","article-title":"Selection of waste llubricant oil regenerative technology using entropy weighted risk-based fuzzy axiomatic design approach","volume":"29","author":"Ijadi Maghsoodi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Informatica"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1671","DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-018-0845-2","article-title":"Multi-criteria decision-making method based on dominance degree and BWM with probabilistic hesitant fuzzy information","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Machine Learning and Cybernetics"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.04.015","article-title":"ZBWM: the Z-number extension of best worst method and its application for supplier development","volume":"107","author":"Aboutorab","year":"2018","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref41","first-page":"16","article-title":"Supplier selection using rough BWM-MAIRCA model: a case study in pharmaceutical supplying in libya","volume":"1","author":"Badi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Decision Making: Applications in Management and Engineering"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.3390\/sym8090095","article-title":"Approach to multi-criteria group decision-making problems based on the best-worst-method and ELECTRE method","volume":"8","author":"You","year":"2016","journal-title":"Symmetry"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2017.08.042","article-title":"Modificationof the Best\u2013Worst and MABAC methods: a novel approach basedon interval-valued fuzzy-rough numbers","volume":"91","author":"Pamucar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Expert Systems withApplications"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.08.074","article-title":"An intuitionistic fuzzy multiplicative best-worst method for multi criteria group decision making","volume":"374","author":"Mou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Information Sciences"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2017.05.033","article-title":"A graph based group decision making approach with intuitionistic fuzzy preference relations","volume":"110","author":"Mou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Computers & Industrial Engineering"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2013.2278989","article-title":"Pythagorean membership grades in multicriteria decision making","volume":"22","author":"Yager","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref48","first-page":"724","article-title":"The power average operator","volume":"31","author":"Yager","year":"2001","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems Part A: Systems and Humans"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref49","first-page":"117","article-title":"The hybrid linguistic weighted averaging operator","volume":"18","author":"Xu","year":"2005","journal-title":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101908","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techsoc.2022.101908","article-title":"Assessment of factors affecting implementation of IoT based smart skin monitoring systems","volume":"68","author":"Johri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Technology in Society"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122877","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2020.122877","article-title":"Internet of things (IoT): opportunities, issues and challenges towards a smart and sustainable future","volume":"274","author":"Nizetic","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Cleaner Production"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101683","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techsoc.2021.101683","article-title":"Prohibitive factors to the acceptance of internet of things (IoT) technology in society: a smart-home context using a resistive modelling approach","volume":"66","author":"Pal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Technology in Society"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2020.103335","article-title":"Risk factors of enterprise internal control under the internet of things governance: a qualitative research approach","volume":"57","author":"Chang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Information & Management"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12095","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2021.120951","article-title":"Internet of things (IoT) adoption barriers for the circular economy using pythagorean fuzzy SWARA-CoCoSo decision-making approach in the manufac-turing sector","volume":"171","author":"Cui","year":"2021","journal-title":"Technological Forecasting & Social Change"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133595","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2022.133595","article-title":"Internet of Things (IoT) adoption challenges in renewable energy: a case study from a developing economy","volume":"371","author":"Mishra","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Cleaner Production"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref57","first-page":"100473","article-title":"Challenges in internet of things towards the security using deep learning techniques","volume":"24","author":"Ravikumar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Measurement: Sensors"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100035","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atech.2022.100035","article-title":"Unlocking adoption challenges of IoT in Indian Agricultural and Food Supply Chain","volume":"2","author":"Narwane","year":"2022","journal-title":"Smart Agricultural Technology"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engappai.2022.104809","article-title":"An intuitionistic fuzzy multi-distance based evaluation for aggregated dynamic decision analysis (IF-DEVADA): Its application to waste disposal location selection","volume":"111","author":"Alkan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102642","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omega.2022.102642","article-title":"Data-driven method to learning personalized individual semantics to support linguistic multi-attribute decision making","volume":"111","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Omega"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2020.08.018","article-title":"Distributed linguistic representations in decision making: Taxonomy, key elements and applications, and challenges in data science and explainable artificial intelligence","volume":"65","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Information Fusion"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-231023_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2022.108311","article-title":"Consensus reaching with consistency control in group decision making with incomplete hesitant fuzzy linguistic preference relations","volume":"170","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Computers & Industrial Engineering"}],"container-title":["Journal of Intelligent &amp; Fuzzy Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/content.iospress.com\/download?id=10.3233\/JIFS-231023","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T09:41:30Z","timestamp":1777455690000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.3233\/JIFS-231023"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/jifs-231023","relation":{},"ISSN":["1064-1246","1875-8967"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1064-1246","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8967","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]]}}}