{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T06:59:10Z","timestamp":1777705150391,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IFS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Traditional Chinese painting (TCP), culturally significant, reflects China\u2019s rich history and aesthetics. In recent years, TCP classification has shown impressive performance, but obtaining accurate annotations for these tasks is time-consuming and expensive, involving professional art experts. To address this challenge, we present a semi-supervised learning (SSL) method for traditional painting classification, achieving exceptional results even with a limited number of labels. To improve global representation learning, we employ the self-attention-based MobileVit model as the backbone network. Furthermore, We present a data augmentation strategy, Random Brushwork Augment (RBA), which integrates brushwork to enhance the performance. Comparative experiments confirm the effectiveness of TCP-RBA in Chinese painting classification, demonstrating outstanding accuracy of 88.27% on the test dataset, even with only 10 labels, each representing a single class.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jifs-236533","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,8]],"date-time":"2024-03-08T10:15:50Z","timestamp":1709892950000},"page":"10653-10663","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["TCP-RBA: Semi-supervised learning for traditional chinese painting classification with random brushwork augment"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Yahui","family":"Ding","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information Engineering, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongjuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of New Media, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of New Media, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information Engineering, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-236533_ref4","unstructured":"David Berthelot , Nicholas Carlini , Ian Goodfellow , Nicolas Papernot , Avital Oliver , Colin Raffel A. , Mixmatch: A holistic approach to semi-supervised learning, Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 32(2019)."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-236533_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3207","DOI":"10.1162\/NECO_a_00052","article-title":"Deep, big, simple neural nets for handwritten digit recognition","volume":"22","author":"Dan Cire\u015fan Claudiu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neural Computation"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-236533_ref11","first-page":"1323","article-title":"A comparative study of oil paintings and Chinese ink paintings on composition","volume":"39","author":"Zhen-Bao Fan","year":"2023","journal-title":"The Visual Computer"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-236533_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wei Jiang , Xianglian Meng , Ji Xi , et al. Multilevel attention and multiscale feature fusion network for author classification of Chinese ink-wash paintings, Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2022(2022).","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/9188356"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-236533_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1007\/s12559-021-09896-9","article-title":"Mtffnet: a multi-task feature fusion framework for Chinese painting classification","volume":"13","author":"Wei Jiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cognitive Computation"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-236533_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2018.11.003","article-title":"Dct\u2013cnn-based classification method for the gongbi and xieyi techniques of Chinese ink-wash paintings","volume":"330","author":"Wei Jiang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurocomputing"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-236533_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2011.203","article-title":"Rhythmic brushstrokes distinguish van gogh from his contemporaries: findings via automated brushstroke extraction","volume":"34","author":"Jia Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-236533_ref22","first-page":"893","article-title":"Yuzhi Li, Jiachuan Sheng and Bin Hua, Improved embedded learning algorithm for Chinese painting classification","volume":"30","author":"Yuzhi Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Computer-Aided Design and Graphics"},{"issue":"2021","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-236533_ref23","first-page":"104121","article-title":"Novel features for art movement classification of portrait paintings","volume":"108","author":"Shao Liu","journal-title":"Image and Vision Computing"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-236533_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiaodong Liu , Art painting image classification based on neural network, Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2022(2022).","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/3119604"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-236533_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2013.2261613","article-title":"Automated induction of heterogeneous proximity measures for supervised spectral embedding","volume":"24","author":"Eduardo Rodriguez-Martinez","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-236533_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.1965.1053799","article-title":"Probability of error of some adaptive pattern-recognition machines","volume":"11","author":"Henry Scudder","year":"1965","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Information Theory"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-236533_ref32","first-page":"1193","article-title":"Learning artistic objects for improved classification of Chinese paintings,(8)","volume":"23","author":"Sheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Image and Graphics"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-236533_ref33","first-page":"596","article-title":"Fixmatch: Simplifying semi-supervised learning with consistency and confidence","volume":"33","author":"Kihyuk Sohn","year":"2020","journal-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-236533_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2015.08.013","article-title":"Meijun Sun, Dong Zhang, Zheng Wang, Jinchang Ren and Jesse S. Jin, Monte carlo convex hull model for classification of traditional Chinese paintings","volume":"171","author":"Meijun Sun","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurocomputing"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.3233\/JIFS-236533_ref36","first-page":"991","article-title":"Artistic paintings classification based on information entropy","volume":"40","author":"Qian Wen-hua","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Graphics"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-236533_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2021.3121765","article-title":"Wrmatch: Improving fixmatch with weighted nuclear-norm regularization for few-shot remote sensing scene classification","volume":"60","author":"Yunsheng Xiong","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-236533_ref39","first-page":"18408","article-title":"Flexmatch: Boosting semi-supervised learning with curriculum pseudo labeling","volume":"34","author":"Bowen Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems"},{"key":"10.3233\/JIFS-236533_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patrec.2014.07.002","article-title":"Chronological classification of ancient paintings using appearance and shape features","volume":"49","author":"Qin Zou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition Letters"}],"container-title":["Journal of Intelligent &amp; Fuzzy Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/content.iospress.com\/download?id=10.3233\/JIFS-236533","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T09:43:02Z","timestamp":1777455782000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.3233\/JIFS-236533"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,18]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/jifs-236533","relation":{},"ISSN":["1064-1246","1875-8967"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1064-1246","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8967","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,18]]}}}