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Recognizing the diverse contributions of the decision makers within each cluster-to-cluster consistency and the varied impacts of preferences in different clusters on overall group preference, we introduce a two-layer weight model. Specifically, from a two-dimensional viewpoint, we determine the weights of decision members within each cluster using an expert evaluation distance formula and the weights of each cluster using fuzzy entropy. Subsequently, by incorporating the Maclaurin symmetric mean operator (MSMO), we establish the ranking of decision alternatives. Finally, we assess the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed method by applying it to analyze the case of the Tonga volcanic eruption.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jifs-240667","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T10:19:42Z","timestamp":1744885182000},"page":"491-505","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Emergency supplier evaluation framework fusing probabilistic hesitant fuzzy set group decision-making and clustering-based methods"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Quanyu","family":"Ding","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Management and E-Business, Modern Business Research Center, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, P.R. 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