{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T10:13:47Z","timestamp":1777889627042,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["KES"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>With a growing focus from the United Nations to eradicate the ill effects of climate change, countries around the world are transforming to green and sustainable habits\/practices. Adoption of clean energy for demand satisfaction is a prime focus of many countries as it reduces carbon trace and promotes global development. In developing countries like India, there is an urge for sustainable global development. Literature shows that direct and complete adoption of clean energy incurs some barriers, which impede the sustainable development of the nation. Grading such barriers supports policymakers to effectively plan strategies, which motivates authors to put forward a novel decision model with integrated approaches. First, qualitative rating data on barriers and circular economy (CE) factors are collected from experts via questionnaires, which are transformed into q-rung orthopair fuzzy information (qRFI). Second, the weights of experts and CE factors are determined by the proposed variance measure and CRITIC. Third, barriers are graded by the proposed ranking algorithm that considers modified WAPAS formulation. Finally, these approaches are integrated into a model that is testified for practicality by using a case example from India. Sensitivity and comparative analyses are performed to realize the merits and limitations of the model for extant works.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/kes-230048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]],"date-time":"2023-06-30T11:22:40Z","timestamp":1688124160000},"page":"55-72","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Solving barrier ranking in clean energy adoption: An MCDM approach with q-rung orthopair fuzzy preferences"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Raghunathan","family":"Krishankumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Information Technology Systems and Analytics Area, Indian Institute of Management Bodh Gaya, Bodh Gaya, Bihar, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dragan","family":"Pamucar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Organizational Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia"},{"name":"MEU Research Unit, Middle East University, Amman, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2017.03.040","article-title":"Climate change mitigation and renewable energy for sustainable development in Nigeria: A discourse approach","volume":"76","author":"Elum","year":"2017","journal-title":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2147","DOI":"10.1002\/pa.2147","article-title":"Corporate social responsibility and sustainable development goals: A study of Indian companies","volume":"21","author":"Mishra","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Public Affairs."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref3","first-page":"1","article-title":"Renewable energy for sustainable development in India: current status, future prospects, challenges, employment, and investment opportunities","volume":"10","author":"Majid","year":"2020","journal-title":"Energy, Sustainability and Society."},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2020.123329","article-title":"Solving renewable energy source selection problems using a q-rung orthopair fuzzy-based integrated decision-making approach","volume":"279","author":"Krishankumar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Cleaner Production."},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Krishankumar R, Sangeetha V, Rani P, Ravichandran KS, Gandomi AH. Selection of apt renewable energy source for smart cities using generalized orthopair fuzzy information. In2020; IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI) 2020 Dec 1 (pp.\u00a02861-2868). IEEE.","DOI":"10.1109\/SSCI47803.2020.9308365"},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2016.09.137","article-title":"Opportunities, barriers and issues with renewable energy development\u00a0\u2013 A discussion","volume":"69","author":"Sen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews."},{"issue":"3-4","key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1007\/s12063-022-00322-3","article-title":"An integrated fuzzy decision model for prioritization of barriers affecting sustainability adoption within supply chains under unknown weight context","volume":"15","author":"Krishankumar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Operations Management Research."},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref8","first-page":"105215","article-title":"Managing supply chains for sustainable operations in the era of industry 40","volume":"164","author":"Kumar","year":"2021","journal-title":"and circular economy: Analysis of barriers. Resources, Conservation and Recycling."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.3390\/su14031093","article-title":"An Integrated Variance-COPRAS Approach with Nonlinear Fuzzy Data for Ranking Barriers Affecting Sustainable Operations","volume":"14","author":"Ramana","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sustainability."},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106613","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2020.106613","article-title":"A novel extended approach under hesitant fuzzy sets to design a framework for assessing the key challenges of digital health interventions adoption during the COVID-19 outbreak","volume":"96","author":"Mardani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Applied Soft Computing."},{"issue":"3-4","key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1007\/s12063-021-00245-5","article-title":"Evaluate the barriers of blockchain technology adoption in sustainable supply chain management in the manufacturing sector using a novel Pythagorean fuzzy-CRITIC-CoCoSo approach","volume":"15","author":"Han","year":"2022","journal-title":"Operations Management Research."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.5539\/ass.v12n5p54","article-title":"Identifying and ranking health tourism development barriers in Iran using fuzzy VIKOR method","volume":"12","author":"Yazdi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asian Social Science."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1108\/IJPPM-08-2020-0419","article-title":"A fuzzy multi-criteria framework to identify barriers and enablers of the next-generation vaccine supply chain","volume":"72","author":"Chandra","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management."},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1016\/j.renene.2018.06.011","article-title":"An analysis on barriers to renewable energy development in the context of Nepal using AHP","volume":"129","author":"Ghimire","year":"2018","journal-title":"Renewable energy."},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2018.03.015","article-title":"Assessing the obstacles to the participation of renewable energy sources in the electricity market of Colombia","volume":"90","author":"G\u00f3mez-Navarro","year":"2018","journal-title":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews."},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shah SA, Solangi YA, Ikram M. Analysis of barriers to the adoption of cleaner energy technologies in Pakistan using Modified Delphi and Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019 Oct 20; 235: 1037-50.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2019.07.020"},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enpol.2020.111479","article-title":"Exploring the barriers to renewable energy adoption utilising MULTIMOORA-EDAS method","volume":"142","author":"Asante","year":"2020","journal-title":"Energy Policy."},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1838","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egyr.2020.07.007","article-title":"SWOT analysis: A framework for comprehensive evaluation of drivers and barriers for renewable energy development in significant countries","volume":"6","author":"Elavarasan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Energy Reports."},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123840","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2020.123840","article-title":"Prioritization of barriers to energy generation using pine needles to mitigate climate change: Evidence from India","volume":"275","author":"Sengar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Cleaner Production."},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.renene.2021.03.141","article-title":"Assessing and overcoming the renewable energy barriers for sustainable development in Pakistan: An integrated AHP and fuzzy TOPSIS approach","volume":"173","author":"Solangi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Renewable Energy."},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seta.2021.101549","article-title":"Barrier analysis of solar PV energy development in the context of Iran using fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS method","volume":"47","author":"Sadat","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments."},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101818","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seta.2021.101818","article-title":"Prioritization of barriers to the development of renewable energy technologies in India using integrated Modified Delphi and AHP method","volume":"50","author":"Pathak","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments."},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.renene.2022.06.040","article-title":"Prioritizing strategies to eliminate barriers to renewable energy adoption and development in Ghana: A CRITIC-fuzzy TOPSIS approach","volume":"195","author":"Asante","year":"2022","journal-title":"Renewable Energy."},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121524","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2022.121524","article-title":"Prioritizing and overcoming biomass energy barriers: Application of AHP and G-TOPSIS approaches","volume":"177","author":"Irfan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Technological Forecasting and Social Change."},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102858","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resourpol.2022.102858","article-title":"Evaluating natural resources volatility in an emerging economy: the influence of solar energy development barriers","volume":"78","author":"Liang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Resources Policy."},{"issue":"36","key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54756","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-022-19680-3","article-title":"Entrepreneur barrier analysis on renewable energy promotion in the context of Pakistan using Pythagorean fuzzy AHP method","volume":"29","author":"Shahzad","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research."},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref27","first-page":"631","article-title":"Analysis and Ranking of Barriers in Development of Solar Power Using Interpretive Structural Modeling Method: Ethiopian Outlook","volume":"16","author":"Mekonnen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Distributed Generation & Alternative Energy Journal."},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101905","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seta.2021.101905","article-title":"Evaluating renewable and sustainable energy impeding factors using an integrated fuzzy-grey decision approach","volume":"51","author":"Shah","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments."},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2022.131111","article-title":"A fuzzy analytic hierarchy process-based analysis for prioritization of barriers to offshore wind energy","volume":"345","author":"Dhingra","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Cleaner Production."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0114(94)90229-1","article-title":"New operations defined over the intuitionistic fuzzy sets","volume":"61","author":"Atanassov","year":"1994","journal-title":"Fuzzy sets and Systems."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2013.2278989","article-title":"Pythagorean membership grades in multicriteria decision making","volume":"22","author":"Yager","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on fuzzy systems."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2016.2604005","article-title":"Generalized orthopair fuzzy sets","volume":"25","author":"Yager","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems."},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3361","DOI":"10.1007\/s10462-020-09926-2","article-title":"A review of q-rung orthopair fuzzy information: bibliometrics and future directions","volume":"54","author":"Peng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Artificial Intelligence Review."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2364","DOI":"10.1002\/int.22140","article-title":"Generalized orthopair fuzzy weighted distance-based approximation (WDBA) algorithm in emergency decision-making","volume":"34","author":"Peng","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7239","DOI":"10.1002\/int.22587","article-title":"Some generalized q-rung orthopair fuzzy Einstein interactive geometric aggregation operators with improved operational laws","volume":"36","author":"Farid","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems."},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engappai.2021.104167","article-title":"Q-rung orthopair fuzzy weighted induced logarithmic distance measures and their application in multiple attribute decision making","volume":"100","author":"Zeng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence."},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2021.107653","article-title":"Evaluation of government strategies against COVID-19 pandemic using q-rung orthopair fuzzy TOPSIS method","volume":"110","author":"Alkan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Applied Soft Computing."},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2020.106431","article-title":"Solving green supplier selection problem using q-rung orthopair fuzzy-based decision framework with unknown weight information","volume":"94","author":"Krishankumar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Applied Soft Computing."},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csi.2021.103572","article-title":"Integration of fuzzy-weighted zero-inconsistency and fuzzy decision by opinion score methods under a q-rung orthopair environment: a distribution case study of COVID-19 vaccine doses","volume":"80","author":"Albahri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Computer Standards & Interfaces."},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref40","first-page":"1","article-title":"Evaluation and selection strategy for green supply chain using interval-valued q-rung orthopair fuzzy combinative distance-based assessment","author":"Khan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environment, Development and Sustainability."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref41","first-page":"290","article-title":"A q-rung orthopair basic probability assignment and its application in medical diagnosis","volume":"5","author":"Limboo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Decision Making: Applications in Management and Engineering."},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118687","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2022.118687","article-title":"Assessing the green distribution transformer manufacturing process using a cloud-based q-rung orthopair fuzzy multi-criteria framework","volume":"311","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Applied Energy."},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deveci M, Pamucar D, Gokasar I, K\u00f6ppen M, Gupta BB. Personal mobility in metaverse with autonomous vehicles using Q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets based OPA-RAFSI model. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems. 2022 Jul 12.","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2022.3186294"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6185","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-022-07998-5","article-title":"Hospital selection framework for remote MCD patients based on fuzzy q-rung orthopair environment","volume":"35","author":"Alamoodi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neural Computing and Applications."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref45","first-page":"1261","article-title":"Hybrid q-Rung Orthopair Fuzzy Sets Based CoCoSo Model for Floating Offshore Wind Farm Site Selection in Norway","volume":"8","author":"Deveci","year":"2022","journal-title":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems."},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2022.108405","article-title":"The potentials of the Southern & Eastern European countries in the process of the regionalization of the global supply chains using a q-rung orthopair fuzzy-based integrated decision-making approach","volume":"171","author":"Zolfani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Computers & Industrial Engineering."},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2022.06.061","article-title":"A q-rung orthopair fuzzy decision-making model with new score function and best-worst method for manufacturer selection","volume":"608","author":"Xiao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Information Sciences."},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Krishankumar R, Ecer F, Mishra AR, Ravichandran KS, Gandomi AH, Kar S. A SWOT-Based Framework for Personalized Ranking of IoT Service Providers With Generalized Fuzzy Data for Sustainable Transport in Urban Regions. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management. 2022 Sep 14.","DOI":"10.1109\/TEM.2022.3204695"},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref49","first-page":"1","article-title":"Multi-attribute decision-making with q-rung picture fuzzy information","author":"Akram","year":"2022","journal-title":"Granular Computing."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3813","DOI":"10.1002\/int.22439","article-title":"Assessment of cloud vendors using interval-valued probabilistic linguistic information and unknown weights","volume":"36","author":"Sivagami","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apm.2009.09.022","article-title":"Weight determination for consistently ranking alternatives in multiple criteria decision analysis","volume":"34","author":"Kao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Applied Mathematical Modelling."},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2018.11.009","article-title":"Deriving decision makers\u2019 weights in group decision making: An overview of objective methods","volume":"49","author":"Koksalmis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Information Fusion."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1504\/IJISM.2020.110732","article-title":"Cloud-based technology for small and medium scale enterprises: A decision-making paradigm using IPA, AHP and fuzzy-AHP techniques","volume":"13","author":"Anbuudayasankar","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Integrated Supply Management."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1687814019857350","article-title":"A review of entropy measures for uncertainty quantification of stochastic processes","volume":"11","author":"Namdari","year":"2019","journal-title":"Advances in Mechanical Engineering."},{"issue":"15","key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4594","DOI":"10.3390\/en14154594","article-title":"An integrated single-valued neutrosophic combined compromise solution methodology for renewable energy resource selection problem","volume":"14","author":"Rani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Energies."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15388\/Informatica.2014.01","article-title":"Applications of WASPAS method in manufacturing decision making","volume":"25","author":"Chakraborty","year":"2014","journal-title":"Informatica."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1002\/bdm.3960070206","article-title":"Psychological determinants of decision attitude","volume":"7","author":"Beattie","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Behavioral Decision Making."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref58","first-page":"25","article-title":"Career Selection: Role of Parent\u2019s Profession, Mass Media and Personal Choice","volume":"36","author":"Saleem","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bulletin of Education and Research."},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref59","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prioritization of healthcare systems during pandemics using Cronbach\u2019s measure based fuzzy WASPAS approach","volume":"3","author":"Deveci","year":"2022","journal-title":"Annals of Operations Research."},{"key":"10.3233\/KES-230048_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109870","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2022.109870","article-title":"Selection of IoT service provider for sustainable transport using q-rung orthopair fuzzy CRADIS and unknown weights","volume":"132","author":"Krishankumar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Applied Soft Computing."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Knowledge-based and Intelligent Engineering Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/content.iospress.com\/download?id=10.3233\/KES-230048","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T05:14:13Z","timestamp":1777612453000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.3233\/KES-230048"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,13]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/kes-230048","relation":{},"ISSN":["1327-2314","1875-8827"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1327-2314","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8827","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,13]]}}}