{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T06:38:16Z","timestamp":1764571096234},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"IOS Press","isbn-type":[{"value":"9781643684567","type":"print"},{"value":"9781643684574","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]],"date-time":"2024-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706140800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Observational research utilizes patient information from many disparate databases worldwide. To be able to systematically analyze data and compare the results of such research studies, information about exposure to drugs or classes of drugs needs to be harmonized across these data. The NLM\u2019s RxNorm drug terminology and WHO\u2019s ATC classification serve these needs but are currently not satisfactorily combined into a common system. Creating such system is hampered by a number of challenges, resulting from different approaches to representing attributes of drugs and ontological rules. Here, we present a combined ATC-RxNorm drug hierarchy, allowing to use ATC classes for retrieval of drug information in large scale observational data. We present the heuristic for maintaining this resource and evaluate it in a real world database containing drug and drug classification information.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/shti230926","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]],"date-time":"2024-01-25T10:16:50Z","timestamp":1706177810000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A High-Fidelity Combined ATC-Rxnorm Drug Hierarchy for Large-Scale Observational Research"],"prefix":"10.3233","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Ostropolets","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NY, USA"},{"name":"Odysseus Data Services Inc, Cambridge, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Polina","family":"Talapova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sci-Force, Kharkiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcel","family":"De Wilde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hamed","family":"Abedtash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrence Township, NJ, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Rijnbeek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian G.","family":"Reich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Northeastern University, Portland, ME, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"7437","container-title":["Studies in Health Technology and Informatics","MEDINFO 2023 \u2014 The Future Is Accessible"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ebooks.iospress.nl\/pdf\/doi\/10.3233\/SHTI230926","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]],"date-time":"2024-01-25T10:16:51Z","timestamp":1706177811000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ebooks.iospress.nl\/doi\/10.3233\/SHTI230926"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]]},"ISBN":["9781643684567","9781643684574"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/shti230926","relation":{},"ISSN":["0926-9630","1879-8365"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0926-9630","type":"print"},{"value":"1879-8365","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]]}}}