{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T16:16:41Z","timestamp":1777393001224,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Alzheimer\u2019s disease pathology and vascular burden are highly prevalent and often co-occur in elderly. It remains unclear how both relate to cognitive decline.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate whether amyloid abnormality and vascular burden synergistically contribute to cognitive decline in a memory clinic population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We included 227 patients from Maastricht and Aachen memory clinics. Amyloid abnormality (A+) was defined by CSF A\u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>42<\/jats:sub>\n                      using data-driven cut-offs. Vascular burden (V+) was defined as having moderate to severe white matter hyperintensities, or any microbleeds, macrohemorrhage or infarcts on MRI. Longitudinal change in global cognition, memory, processing speed, executive functioning, and verbal fluency was analysed across the A-V-, A-V+, A+V-, A+V+ groups by linear mixed models. Additionally, individual MRI measures, vascular risk and vascular disease were used as V definitions.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>At baseline, the A+V+ group scored worse on global cognition and verbal fluency compared to all other groups, and showed worse memory compared to A-V+ and A-V- groups. Over time (mean 2.7+ \u2013 1.5 years), A+V+ and A+V- groups showed faster global cognition decline than A-V+ and A-V- groups. Only the A+V- group showed decline on memory and verbal fluency. The A-V+ group did not differ from the A-V- group. Individual MRI vascular measures only indicated an independent association of microbleeds with executive functioning decline. Findings were similar using other V definitions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study demonstrates that amyloid abnormality predicts cognitive decline independent from vascular burden in a memory clinic population. Vascular burden shows a minor contribution to cognitive decline in these patients. This has important prognostic implications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3233\/adr-230040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T11:53:10Z","timestamp":1701431590000},"page":"1299-1311","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Contributions of Vascular Burden and Amyloid Abnormality to Cognitive Decline in Memory Clinic Patients"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Veerle","family":"van Gils","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Inez","family":"Ramakers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Willemijn J.","family":"Jansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leonie","family":"Banning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Domant\u0117","family":"Ku\u010dikien\u0117","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana Sofia","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany"},{"name":"JARA Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J\u00f6rg B.","family":"Schulz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany"},{"name":"JARA Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pieter Jelle","family":"Visser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Limburg, 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