{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T14:50:14Z","timestamp":1787496614132,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]],"date-time":"2024-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704758400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) causes progressive decline of cognition and function. There is a lack of systematic literature reviews on prognostic and predictive factors in its early clinical stages (eAD), i.e., mild cognitive impairment due to AD and mild AD dementia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To identify prognostic factors affecting eAD progression and predictive factors for treatment efficacy and safety of approved and\/or under late-stage development disease-modifying treatments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Databases were searched (August 2022) for studies reporting prognostic factors associated with eAD progression and predictive factors for treatment response. The Quality in Prognostic Factor Studies tool or the Cochrane risk of bias tool were used to assess risk of bias. Two reviewers independently screened the records. A single reviewer performed data extraction and quality assessment. A second performed a 20% check. Content experts reviewed and interpreted the data collected.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty-one studies were included. Self-reporting, diagnosis definition, and missing data led to high risk of bias. Population size ranged from 110 to 11,451. Analyses found data indicating that older age was and depression may be associated with progression. Greater baseline cognitive impairment was associated with progression. APOE4 may be a prognostic factor, a predictive factor for treatment efficacy and predicts an adverse response (ARIA). Elevated biomarkers (CSF\/plasma p-tau, CSF t-tau, and plasma neurofilament light) were associated with disease progression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Age was the strongest risk factor for progression. Biomarkers were associated with progression, supporting their use in trial selection and aiding diagnosis. Baseline cognitive impairment was a prognostic factor. APOE4 predicted ARIA, aligning with emerging evidence and relevant to treatment initiation\/monitoring.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3233\/adr-230045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T18:49:30Z","timestamp":1708368570000},"page":"203-240","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Prognostic and Predictive Factors in Early Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Maria Jo\u00e3o","family":"Garcia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Ltd., Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Regina","family":"Leadley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mtech Access Ltd, IT Centre, Innovation Way, Heslington, York, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janine","family":"Ross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mtech Access Ltd, IT Centre, Innovation Way, Heslington, York, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sasha","family":"Bozeat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Ltd., Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabrielle","family":"Redhead","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mtech Access Ltd, IT Centre, Innovation Way, Heslington, York, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oskar","family":"Hansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malm\u00f6, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden"},{"name":"Memory Clinic, Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Iwatsubo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Villain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AP-HP Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital, Department of Neurology, Institute of Memory and Alzheimer\u2019s Disease, Paris, France"},{"name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, INSERM U1127, CNRS 7225, Institut du Cerveau \u2013ICM, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Cummings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chambers-Grundy Center for TransformativeNeuroscience, Department of Brain Health, School of IntegratedHealth Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, 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