{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T12:21:50Z","timestamp":1778934110754,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BME"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND: There is a lack of consensus concerning the coracoid graft length in the modified Bristow procedure. OBJECTIVE: We attempted to determine the optimal graft length using the three-dimensional finite element method. METHODS: In a shoulder model with a 25% anterior glenoid defect, a coracoid graft of varying lengths (5, 10, 15, and 20 mm) was fixed using a half-threaded screw. First, a compressive load of 500 N was applied to the screw head to determine the graft failure load during screw tightening. Next, a tensile load (200 N) was applied to the graft to determine the failure load due to biceps muscle traction. RESULTS: In the screw compression, the failure loads in the 5-, 10-, 15-, and 20-mm models were 252, 370, 377, and 331 N, respectively. In the tensile load applied to the coracoid graft, the failure load exceeded 200 N for both the 5- and 10-mm models. CONCLUSION: The 5-mm graft had a high risk of fracture during intraoperative screw tightening. As for the biceps muscle traction, the 5- and 10-mm-grafts had a lower failure risk than the 15- and 20-mm-grafts. Therefore, we believe that the optimal length of the coracoid graft is 10 mm in the modified Bristow procedure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/bme-230071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,4]],"date-time":"2023-07-04T10:53:10Z","timestamp":1688467990000},"page":"65-75","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Determining optimal length of coracoid graft in the modified Bristow procedure for anterior shoulder instability: A three-dimensional finite element analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Hirotaka","family":"Sano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":", , , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tatsuro","family":"Komatsuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":", , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuhide","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":", , , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroo","family":"Abe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":", , , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Ozawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":", Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Kumagai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":", , , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshimitsu A.","family":"Yokobori Jr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":", , Teikyo University, , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"key":"10.3233\/BME-230071_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. Tasaki, W. Morita, T. Nozaki, Y. Yonekura, M. Saito, B.B. Phillips , Arthroscopic Bankart repair and open Bristow procedure in the treatment of anterior shoulder instability with osseous glenoid lesions in collision athletes, Orthop J Sports Med 9(5) (2021), 23259671211008274.","DOI":"10.1177\/23259671211008274"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.3233\/BME-230071_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2413","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-014-3691-x","article-title":"Arthroscopic Bristow-Latarjet combined with Bankart repair restores shoulder stability in patients with glenoid bone loss","volume":"472","author":"Boileau","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/BME-230071_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2014.03.023","article-title":"Optimization of bone-block positioning in the Bristow-Latarjet procedure: A biomechanical study","volume":"100","author":"Nourissat","year":"2014","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/BME-230071_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546505282618","article-title":"The modified Bristow procedure for anterior shoulder instability: 26-year outcomes in Naval Academy midshipmen","volume":"34","author":"Schroder","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/BME-230071_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-019-1129-6","article-title":"Bone union of the transferred coracoid graft is the key factor affecting the extent of postoperative graft changes and the clinical results following the modified Bankart and Bristow procedure: A computed tomography scan study","volume":"14","author":"Makihara","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/BME-230071_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-005-0634-x","article-title":"Long-term results and arthropathy following the modified Bristow-Latarjet procedure","volume":"29","author":"Spoor","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/BME-230071_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.40B2.198","article-title":"Coracoid transplantation for recurring dislocation of the shoulder","volume":"40-B","author":"Helfet","year":"1958","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/BME-230071_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658801600507","article-title":"A long-term retrospective study of the modified Bristow procedure","volume":"16","author":"Ferlic","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.3233\/BME-230071_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2012.02.008","article-title":"Complications associated with open coracoid transfer procedures for shoulder instability","volume":"21","author":"Butt","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/BME-230071_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678208992207","article-title":"The modified Bristow procedure for recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder. Results and complications","volume":"53","author":"Nielson","year":"1982","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.3233\/BME-230071_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2059","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.I.00261","article-title":"Stabilizing mechanism in bone-grafting of a large glenoid defect","volume":"92","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.3233\/BME-230071_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.L.00777","article-title":"The stabilizing mechanism of the Latarjet procedure: A cadaveric study","volume":"95","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.3233\/BME-230071_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.03.037","article-title":"Proximal-medial part in the coracoid graft demonstrates the most evident stress shielding following the Latarjet procedure: A simulation study using the 3-dimensional finite element method","volume":"29","author":"Sano","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.3233\/BME-230071_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.02.014","article-title":"Intraarticular biomechanical environment following modified Bristow and Latarjet procedures in shoulders with large glenoid defects: Relationship with postoperative complications","volume":"30","author":"Sano","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/BME-230071_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9290(97)00123-1","article-title":"Prediction of femoral fracture load using automated finite element modeling","volume":"31","author":"Keyak","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.3233\/BME-230071_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1007\/s00776-004-0824-1","article-title":"Prediction of the strength and fracture location of the femoral neck by CT-based finite-element method: A preliminary study on patients with hip fracture","volume":"9","author":"Bessho","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Orthop Sci"},{"key":"10.3233\/BME-230071_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J.C. Garcia Jr, F.M. do Amaral, R.J. Belchior, L.Q. de Carvalho, G.G. Markarian and E.F.S. Montero, Comparative systematic review of fixation methods of the coracoid and conjoined tendon in the anterior glenoid to treat anterior shoulder instability, Orthop J Sports Med 7(1) (2019), 2325967118820539.","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967118820539"}],"container-title":["Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/content.iospress.com\/download?id=10.3233\/BME-230071","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T13:24:30Z","timestamp":1777382670000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.3233\/BME-230071"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/bme-230071","relation":{},"ISSN":["0959-2989","1878-3619"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0959-2989","type":"print"},{"value":"1878-3619","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]]}}}