{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T03:12:30Z","timestamp":1791515550918,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMR"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND: Piriformis syndrome (PS) is a neuro-muscular condition, which is often underdiagnosed in clinical settings. This study will determine the effects of myofascial stretching Elongation Longitudinaux Avec Decoaption Osteo Articulaire (ELDOA) and post-facilitation stretching of the piriformis muscle in patients with PS. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to compare the effects of ELDOA and post-facilitation stretching of the piriformis muscle on pain, muscle length and functional performance in patients with PS. METHODS: A randomized clinical trial was conducted with 40 PS patients including both males and females, between the ages of 30\u201370. Patients were randomly assigned to the ELDOA or post-facilitation group after assessments with the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS), Piriformis Length Test and Straight Leg Raise (SLR). The assessments were done at baseline and at the end of the sixth week of treatment. RESULTS: The patients treated with ELDOA demonstrated significant improvement in pain (pre = 7.00 \u00b1 2.75, post = 3.00 \u00b1 1.75), piriformis length (pre = 27.6 \u00b1 5.54, post = 36.8 \u00b1 3.13), SLR (pre = 36.40 \u00b1 7.24, post = 67.5 \u00b1 8.36) and LEFS (pre = 26.90 \u00b1 12.24, post = 58.10 \u00b1 8.62), as compared with the group treated with post-facilitation stretching: pain: pre = 6.00 \u00b1 1.00, post = 2.00 \u00b1 1.50; piriformis length: pre = 28.55 \u00b1 4.03, post = 38.8 \u00b1 2.70; SLR: pre = 40.60 \u00b1 7.48, post = 74.25 \u00b1 5.19, and LEFS: pre = 25.20 \u00b1 7.66, post = 66.30 \u00b1 7.27). CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that the post-facilitation stretching technique shows more improvement in pain, muscle length, SLR, and LEFS in patients with PS as compared to ELDOA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/bmr-181290","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T14:06:37Z","timestamp":1598969197000},"page":"983-988","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Effects of ELDOA and post-facilitation stretching technique on pain and functional performance in patients with piriformis syndrome: A randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Momena","family":"Shahzad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nazish","family":"Rafique","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syed","family":"Shakil-ur-Rehman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syed","family":"Ali Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/BMR-181290_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.25504","article-title":"Electrophysiologically identified piriformis syndrome is successfully treated with incobotulinum toxin a and physical therapy","volume":"56","author":"Fishman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Muscle & Nerve."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/BMR-181290_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1249\/JSR.0000000000000110","article-title":"Piriformis syndrome: a cause of nondiscogenic sciatica","volume":"14","author":"Cass","year":"2015","journal-title":"Current Sports Medicine Reports."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/BMR-181290_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-016-1853-0","article-title":"Piriformis syndrome: a case series of 31 Bangladeshi people with literature review","volume":"27","author":"Siddiq","year":"2017","journal-title":"European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.3233\/BMR-181290_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3804","DOI":"10.14260\/jemds\/2014\/2362","article-title":"Piriformis syndrome: a review","volume":"3","author":"Mitra","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Evol Med Dent Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/BMR-181290_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.20893","article-title":"Variations of the piriformis and sciatic nerve with clinical consequence: a review","volume":"23","author":"Smoll","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clinical Anatomy."},{"key":"10.3233\/BMR-181290_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yong RJ, Nguyen M, Nelson E, Urman RD, editors. Pain Medicine: An Essential Review. Springer; 2017 Mar 27.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-43133-8"},{"key":"10.3233\/BMR-181290_ref8","unstructured":"Grgi\u0107 V. Piriformis muscle syndrome: etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and therapy. Lije\u010dni\u010dkivjesnik. 2013 Feb 27; 135(1-2)."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.3233\/BMR-181290_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.7556\/jaoa.2008.108.11.657","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of piriformis syndrome: an osteopathic approach","volume":"108","author":"Boyajian-O\u2019Neill","year":"2008","journal-title":"The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association."},{"issue":"15","key":"10.3233\/BMR-181290_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2502","DOI":"10.14260\/jemds\/568","article-title":"Piriformis syndrome: A clinical review","volume":"2","author":"Dey","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences."},{"key":"10.3233\/BMR-181290_ref11","first-page":"1346","article-title":"Piriformis syndrome","author":"Mehta","year":"2008","journal-title":"Interventional spine: an algorithmic approach Philadelphia: Saunders\/Elsevier."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/BMR-181290_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2010.07.008","article-title":"The endoscopic treatment of sciatic nerve entrapment\/deep gluteal syndrome","volume":"27","author":"Martin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthroscopy."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/BMR-181290_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.30622","article-title":"Piriformis syndrome: diagnosis, treatment, and outcome\u00a0\u2013 a 10-year study","volume":"83","author":"Fishman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation."},{"key":"10.3233\/BMR-181290_ref14","unstructured":"Hammer WI, editor. Functional soft-tissue examination and treatment by manual methods. Jones & Bartlett Learning, 2007."},{"key":"10.3233\/BMR-181290_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Lucena Marques I, de Souza MM, Munguba TA, Crispiniano EC, de Ara\u00fajo FL, de Melo SW, Nunes EM, Vidal TF. Effect of the Muscle Energy Technique and Self-Stretching on Flexibility Gain of Posterior Chain. International Archives of Medicine. 2016; Aug 8; 9.","DOI":"10.3823\/2057"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/BMR-181290_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.5455\/ijhrs.000000054","article-title":"Comparison of muscle energy technique and post isometric relaxation on hamstring flexibility in healthy young individuals with hamstring tightness","volume":"3","author":"Talapalli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J of Health and Rehabil."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/BMR-181290_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1123\/jsr.21.2.194","article-title":"The effect of muscle energy techniques on disability and pain scores in individuals with low back pain","volume":"21","author":"Day","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Sport Rehabilitation."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/BMR-181290_ref19","first-page":"16","article-title":"Comparison of muscle energy technique and post isometric relaxation on Iliopsoas tightness to improve flexibility in healthy young individuals","volume":"3","author":"Redij","year":"2017","journal-title":"IJAR."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/BMR-181290_ref20","first-page":"70","article-title":"Comparison of effectiveness of post facilitation stretching and agonist contract-relax technique on tight hamstrings","volume":"2","author":"Jadav","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Physical Therapy."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/BMR-181290_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1123\/jsr.21.2.194","article-title":"The effect of muscle energy techniques on disability and pain scores in individuals with low back pain","volume":"21","author":"Day","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Sport Rehabilitation."}],"container-title":["Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/content.iospress.com\/download?id=10.3233\/BMR-181290","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T13:26:08Z","timestamp":1777382768000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.3233\/BMR-181290"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,11]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/bmr-181290","relation":{},"ISSN":["1878-6324","1053-8127"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1878-6324","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1053-8127","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,11]]}}}