{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T16:00:13Z","timestamp":1792425613624,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMR"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a widely performed surgical procedure aimed at alleviating pain and restoring functionality in individuals suffering from knee osteoarthritis. Despite substantial benefits of TKA, patients are exposed to potential risks, including the occurrence of falls during their recovery period following discharge from the hospital. OBJECTIVE: This integrative review endeavors to comprehensively investigate the existing body of literature to identify and assess the diverse factors that contribute to occurrence of post-discharge falls among TKA patients. Through the synthesis of available research, this study seeks to offer valuable insights that can guide clinical practices and interventions designed to mitigate the incidence of post-TKA falls, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes and quality of healthcare. METHODS: An integrative review was conducted and databases were searched including Pubmed, PEDro, Cochrane, and SPORTDiscus from 2000 to 2024. A thorough search was performed to retrieve articles missed through databases as well as unpublished grey literature. Methodological quality assessment was performed using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for Case Control and Cohort studies and AXIS tool for cross-sectional study. RESULTS: Eleven articles finally met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review based on eligibility. There were 8 cohort studies (7 prospective cohorts, 1 retrospective cohort), 2 case control studies, and 1 cross-sectional study. The prospective cohort studies included in the review collected data in real-time as events occurred, making them particularly relevant for studying post-TKA falls. CONCLUSION: Patients who underwent TKA are at risk of post-discharge falls. Several key risk factors have been identified, including advancing age, female gender, reduced proprioception, psychiatric disorders, living alone, and knee pain in the operated knee. It is important to recognize that the significance of these risk factors can vary depending on individual circumstances and contexts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/bmr-230165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,19]],"date-time":"2024-07-19T11:44:42Z","timestamp":1721389482000},"page":"1427-1439","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Risk factors of post discharge falls in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty: An integrative review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Samreen","family":"Sadiq","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Riphah College of Rehabilitation and Allied Health Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rabiya","family":"Noor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Riphah College of Rehabilitation and Allied Health Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rizwan","family":"Akram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopedic and Spine Department, Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"issue":"9859","key":"10.3233\/BMR-230165_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2163","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61729-2","article-title":"Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990\u20132010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010","volume":"380","author":"Vos","year":"2012","journal-title":"The lancet."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.3233\/BMR-230165_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3166","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23888","article-title":"The effects of TKA on physical functioning in the older population","volume":"58","author":"George","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arthritis & Rheumatism: Official Journal of the American College of Rheumatology."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/BMR-230165_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.L.01050","article-title":"What\u2019s new in adult reconstructive knee surgery","volume":"95","author":"Deirmengian","year":"2013","journal-title":"JBJS."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/BMR-230165_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e6","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20121217-11","article-title":"Balance 1 year after TKA: correlation with clinical variables","volume":"36","author":"Bascuas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Orthopedics."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.3233\/BMR-230165_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3439","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-016-4355-z","article-title":"The effect of total knee arthroplasty on patients\u2019 balance and incidence of falls: a systematic review","volume":"25","author":"Moutzouri","year":"2017","journal-title":"Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/BMR-230165_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.18043\/ncm.78.5.332","article-title":"Lower Extremity Osteoarthritis Management and Challenges","volume":"78","author":"Raveendran","year":"2017","journal-title":"North Carolina Medical Journal."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/BMR-230165_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.4055\/cios.2015.7.4.449","article-title":"Analyzing the history of falls in patients with severe knee osteoarthritis","volume":"7","author":"Tsonga","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/BMR-230165_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/46.3.367","article-title":"Defining a fall and reasons for falling: comparisons among the views of seniors, health care providers, and the research literature","volume":"46","author":"Zecevic","year":"2006","journal-title":"The Gerontologist."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.3233\/BMR-230165_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.04.006","article-title":"Risk factors for falls in patients with total hip arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"27","author":"Lo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis and cartilage."},{"key":"10.3233\/BMR-230165_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gillespie LD, Robertson MC, Gillespie WJ, Sherrington C, Gates S, Clemson L, et al. 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