{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T12:16:10Z","timestamp":1781612170331,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CBM"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Over the past decade, cancer immunotherapy, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICRs), has attained considerable progresses in clinical practice. T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (Tim-3) act as next ICRs, and originally function as a co-inhibitory receptor expressed on interferon (IFN)-\u03b3 producing CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells. Furthermore, Tim-3 has also been found to express on innate immune cells and several types of tumors, signifying the pivotal role that Tim-3 plays in chronic viral infections and cancer. In addition, Tim-3 and multiple ICRs are concurrently expressed and regulated on dysfunctional or exhausted T-cells, leading to improved antitumor immune responses in preclinical or clinical cancer therapy through co-blockade of Tim-3 and other ICRs such as programmed cell death-1 (PD-1). In this review, the biological characteristics of Tim-3 and the function of Tim-3 in regulating tumorigenesis and inflammation have been summarized. The usage of a single blockade of Tim-3 or in combination with multiple immunotherapy regimens have drawn attention to antitumor potential as a target for immunotherapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/cbm-210114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,4]],"date-time":"2021-06-04T12:36:57Z","timestamp":1622810217000},"page":"237-248","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Role of Tim-3 in regulating tumorigenesis, inflammation, and antitumor immunity\u00a0therapy"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Yuting","family":"Cao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huihui","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianglei","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Provincial People\u2019s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Provincial People\u2019s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yigang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 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