{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T20:21:48Z","timestamp":1790713308519,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CH"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>INTRODUCTION: Abdominal wall endometriosis (AWE) is a relatively uncommon condition associated with diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties among all the extra pelvic endometriosis. The main therapies include surgery and oral contraceptive administration. Percutaneous cryoablation and high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) are also proven to be valid alternatives. Microwave ablation (MWA) as one of the thermal ablation methods has not been applied in the treatment of AWE yet. Herein the feasibility of ultrasound (US) \u2013guided MWA for AWE was explored and treatment response evaluation was carried out using contrast-enhanced imaging. METHODS: Three consecutive patients who underwent US-guided MWA for AWE with typical symptoms were included in this retrospective study. US, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), laboratory tests, and US-guided core-needle biopsy were conducted for pre-treatment assessment and ruling out malignancy. The interventional procedure was carried out under local anesthesia with MWA and the output power was 60w. Post-treatment contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) was performed to evaluate the instant treatment response. The follow-up intervals were 1 month, 6 months, and 12 months after treatment. The clinical symptoms and condition of AWE lesions were recorded in each follow-up. RESULTS: The MWA procedure was completed in all the patients with no blood perfusion inside each lesion by instant CEUS after treatment. The mean ablation time was 687 seconds (s) for a single patient (ranged from 660s to 742s). Clinical symptoms were relieved evidently at the end of the follow-up. The pain according to the visual analogue scale (VAS) decreased from 4\u20136 before treatment to 0\u20132 after treatment. Mild to moderate complications included slightly abdominal pain and fat liquefaction occurred. In terms of technical outcomes, the volume of all six lesions reduced in different degrees at the end of follow-up (ranged: 16.6% to 100%). CONCLUSION: US-guided MWA may be a feasible and promising approach for symptomatic AWE.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/ch-211287","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,3]],"date-time":"2022-06-03T11:14:55Z","timestamp":1654254895000},"page":"63-73","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Ultrasound-guided microwave ablation for symptomatic abdominal wall endometriosis and treatment response evaluation with contrast-enhanced imaging: The first experience"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Jia-Xin","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Minimally Invasive Treatment for Tumor, Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People\u2019s Hospital; Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"},{"name":"Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Shanghai, China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Long","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Minimally Invasive Treatment for Tumor, Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People\u2019s Hospital; Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"},{"name":"Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Shanghai, China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing-E","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Minimally Invasive Treatment for Tumor, Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People\u2019s Hospital; Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"},{"name":"Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Shanghai, China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui-Li","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Minimally Invasive Treatment for Tumor, Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People\u2019s Hospital; Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"},{"name":"Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Shanghai, China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Song-Yuan","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Minimally Invasive Treatment for Tumor, Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People\u2019s Hospital; Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"},{"name":"Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Shanghai, China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui-Xiong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Minimally Invasive Treatment for Tumor, Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People\u2019s Hospital; Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"},{"name":"Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Shanghai, China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China"},{"name":"Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"issue":"13","key":"10.3233\/CH-211287_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1810764","article-title":"Endometriosis","volume":"382","author":"Zondervan","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.3233\/CH-211287_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100096","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurox.2019.100096","article-title":"Abdominal wall endometriosis: An 11-year retrospective observational cohort study","volume":"4","author":"Marras","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol X"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/CH-211287_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1097\/OGX.0000000000000399","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of abdominal wall endometriosis: A systematic review and clinical recommendations","volume":"72","author":"Rindos","year":"2017","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Surv"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/CH-211287_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.11152\/mu-1248","article-title":"Abdominal wall endometriosis: An update in clinical, imagistic features, and management options","volume":"19","author":"Grigore","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med Ultrason"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.3233\/CH-211287_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4298","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-017-4827-7","article-title":"Mid-term outcomes after percutaneous cryoablation of symptomatic abdominal wall endometriosis: Comparison with surgery alone in a single institution","volume":"27","author":"Maillot","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/CH-211287_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1080\/02656736.2018.1534276","article-title":"Clinical analysis of high-intensity focussed ultrasound ablation for abdominal wall endometriosis: A 4-year experience at a specialty gynecological institution","volume":"36","author":"Xiao-Ying","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Hyperthermia"},{"issue":"8 Suppl","key":"10.3233\/CH-211287_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2010.04.007","article-title":"Microwave tumor ablation: Mechanism of action, clinical results, and devices","volume":"21","author":"Lubner","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/CH-211287_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.20569","article-title":"Endometriomas in the region of a scar from Cesarean section: Sonographic appearance and clinical presentation vary with the size of the lesion","volume":"37","author":"Francica","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Ultrasound"},{"issue":"82","key":"10.3233\/CH-211287_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e176","DOI":"10.15557\/JoU.2020.0029","article-title":"The ultrasound of subcutaneous extrapelvic endometriosis","volume":"20","author":"Youssef","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Ultrason"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/CH-211287_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-009-1658-1","article-title":"Appearance of abdominal wall endometriosis on MR imaging","volume":"20","author":"Busard","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3233\/CH-211287_ref11","first-page":"13","article-title":"Malignant transformation of abdominal wall endometriosis to clear cell carcinoma: Case report and review of the literature","volume":"90","author":"Bats","year":"1197","journal-title":"Fertil Steril.e"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/CH-211287_ref12","first-page":"283","article-title":"Malignant changes in endometriosis","volume":"2","author":"Scott","year":"1953","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.3233\/CH-211287_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1762","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-019-01914-7","article-title":"Understanding malignant transformation of endometriosis: Imaging features with pathologic correlation","volume":"45","author":"Robinson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Abdom Radiol (NY)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/CH-211287_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1097\/RLU.0000000000000631","article-title":"18F-FDG PET\/CT findings of a recurrent adenocarcinoma arising from malignant transformation of abdominal wall endometriosis","volume":"40","author":"Jiang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Nucl Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/CH-211287_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1159\/000325013","article-title":"Abdominal wall endometriosis: A report of 2 cases with primary diagnosis by fine needle aspiration","volume":"54","author":"Raddaoui","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Cytol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/CH-211287_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0586-1107","article-title":"The EFSUMB guidelines and recommendations for the clinical practice of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in non-hepatic applications: Update (long version)","volume":"39","author":"Sidhu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ultraschall Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/CH-211287_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.3233\/CH-201040","article-title":"Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and perfusion imaging using VueBox?","volume":"78","author":"Wiesinger","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Hemorheol Microcirc"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.3233\/CH-211287_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.21037\/qims-20-622","article-title":"The safety of echo contrast-enhanced ultrasound in high-intensity focused ultrasound ablation for abdominal wall endometriosis: A retrospective study","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Quant Imaging Med Surg"},{"key":"10.3233\/CH-211287_ref19","first-page":"196","article-title":"Abdominal wall endometriosis excision with mesh closure - Report of Two Cases","volume":"28","author":"Vaz-de-Macedo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Surg Technol Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/CH-211287_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2007.07.035","article-title":"Abdominal wall endometriosis: A surgeon\u2019s perspective and review of 445 cases","volume":"196","author":"Horton","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/CH-211287_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2010.07.043","article-title":"Abdominal wall endometrioma; a 10-year experience and brief review of the literature","volume":"164","author":"Bektas","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/CH-211287_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.16.17269","article-title":"Cryoablation of abdominal wall endometriosis: A minimally invasive treatment","volume":"209","author":"Dibble","year":"2017","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.3233\/CH-211287_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1813","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-019-02379-4","article-title":"Percutaneous cryoablation of abdominal wall endometriosis: The Mayo Clinic approach","volume":"45","author":"Welch","year":"2020","journal-title":"Abdom Radiol (NY)"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.3233\/CH-211287_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2018.03.018","article-title":"Magnetic Resonance imaging-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound is a noninvasive treatment modality for patients with abdominal wall endometriosis","volume":"25","author":"Stehouwer","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Minim Invasive Gynecol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.3233\/CH-211287_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-008-9500-8","article-title":"Radiofrequency ablation of abdominal wall endometrioma","volume":"32","author":"Carrafiello","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/CH-211287_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2017.01.005","article-title":"Risk factors, clinical presentation, and outcomes for abdominal wall endometriosis","volume":"24","author":"Khan","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Minim Invasive Gynecol"}],"container-title":["Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/content.iospress.com\/download?id=10.3233\/CH-211287","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T15:05:58Z","timestamp":1777388758000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.3233\/CH-211287"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,20]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/ch-211287","relation":{},"ISSN":["1386-0291","1875-8622"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1386-0291","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8622","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,20]]}}}