{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T18:33:42Z","timestamp":1777660422105,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["HAB"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Migraine is a common disorder which is placed among the top ten reasons of years lived with disability. Cytokines are among the molecules that contribute in the pathophysiology of migraine. In the current study, we evaluated expression levels of IL-6 coding gene in the peripheral blood of 120 migraine patients (54 migraine without aura and 66 migraine with aura patients) and 40 healthy subjects. No significant difference was detected in expression of IL-6 between total migraine patients and healthy controls (Posterior beta = 0.253, P value = 0.199). The interaction effect between gender and group was significant (Posterior beta =-1.274, P value = 0.011), therefore, we conducted subgroup analysis within gender group. Such analysis revealed that while expression of this gene is not different between male patients and male controls (Posterior beta =-0.371, P value &gt; 0.999), it was significantly over-expressed in female patients compared with female controls (Posterior beta = 0.86, P= 0.002). Expression of IL-6 was significantly higher in patients with aura compared with controls (Posterior beta = 0.63, adjusted P value = 0.019). However, expression of this cytokine coding gene was not different between patients without aura and healthy subjects (Posterior beta = 0.193, adjusted P value = 0.281). Therefore, IL-6 might be involved in the pathophysiology of migraine among females and migraine with aura among both sexes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/hab-210442","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,18]],"date-time":"2021-05-18T13:20:09Z","timestamp":1621344009000},"page":"203-207","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Over-expression of IL-6 coding gene in the peripheral blood of migraine with aura patients"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Mahdi","family":"Ramezani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alireza","family":"Komaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Mahdi","family":"Eftekharian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehrdokht","family":"Mazdeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soudeh","family":"Ghafouri-Fard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"key":"10.3233\/HAB-210442_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"s18","DOI":"10.1007\/s101940300003","article-title":"Epidemiology of migraine","volume":"4","author":"Manzoni","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"10.3233\/HAB-210442_ref2","unstructured":"Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990\u20132013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013, Lancet (London, England) 386 (2015), 743\u2013800."},{"key":"10.3233\/HAB-210442_ref3","first-page":"1","article-title":"A comprehensive review on the role of genetic factors in the pathogenesis of migraine","author":"Ebahimzadeh","journal-title":"Journal of Molecular Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.3233\/HAB-210442_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S15","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-2327.99993","article-title":"Pathophysiology of migraine","volume":"15","author":"Goadsby","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Indian Acad Neurol"},{"key":"10.3233\/HAB-210442_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1533-2500.2009.00301.x","article-title":"IL-6 levels in migraine patients receiving topiramatem","volume":"9","author":"Ko\u00e7er","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pain Practice: The Official Journal of World Institute of Pain"},{"key":"10.3233\/HAB-210442_ref6","first-page":"2020","article-title":"Differential expression of cytokine-coding genes among migraine patients with and without aura and normal subjects","author":"Taheri","journal-title":"Journal of molecular neuroscience: MN"},{"key":"10.3233\/HAB-210442_ref7","first-page":"1","article-title":"Expression of PIAS genes in migraine patients","author":"Ghafouri-Fard","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Molecular Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.3233\/HAB-210442_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/0960-8966(95)00029-1","article-title":"Up-regulation of leukaemia inhibitory factor and interleukin-6 in transected sciatic nerve and muscle following denervation","volume":"6","author":"Kurek","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neuromuscular Disorders"},{"key":"10.3233\/HAB-210442_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3905","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200112210-00010","article-title":"Adjuvant-induced arthritis: IL-1\u03b2, IL-6 and TNF-\u03b1 are up-regulated in the spinal cord","volume":"12","author":"Bao","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"10.3233\/HAB-210442_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. Yan, O.K. Melemedjian, T.J. Price and G. Dussor, Sensitization of dural afferents underlies migraine-related behavior following meningeal application of interleukin-6 (IL-6), Molecular Pain 8 (2012), 1744-8069-1748-1746.","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-8069-8-6"},{"key":"10.3233\/HAB-210442_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30085-1","article-title":"International classification of headache disorders","volume":"17","author":"Olesen","year":"2018","journal-title":"The Lancet Neurology"},{"key":"10.3233\/HAB-210442_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000055362.56604.78","article-title":"The role of interleukin-6 in nociception and pain","volume":"96","author":"De Jongh","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anesthesia & Analgesia"},{"key":"10.3233\/HAB-210442_ref13","unstructured":"D. Jamieson, Migraine: Differences Between Males and Females, Internal Medicine Alert 39 (2017)."},{"key":"10.3233\/HAB-210442_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2004.00177.x","article-title":"Gender difference in the non-specific and specific immune response in humans","volume":"52","author":"Bouman","year":"2004","journal-title":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology"},{"key":"10.3233\/HAB-210442_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2008.06.009","article-title":"Is autoimmunity a matter of sex","volume":"7","author":"Lleo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Autoimmunity Reviews"},{"key":"10.3233\/HAB-210442_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650110208","article-title":"Estrogen inhibits interleukin-6 production and gene expression in a human osteoblastic cell line with high levels of estrogen receptors","volume":"11","author":"Kassem","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Mineral Research"},{"key":"10.3233\/HAB-210442_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2006.00337.x","article-title":"Proinflammatory cytokines, adhesion molecules, and lymphocyte integrin expression in the internal jugular blood of migraine patients without aura assessed ictally","volume":"46","author":"Sarchielli","year":"2006","journal-title":"Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain"},{"key":"10.3233\/HAB-210442_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2017.09.008","article-title":"Unbalanced plasma TNF-\u03b1 and IL-12\/IL-10 profile in women with migraine is associated with psychological and physiological outcomes","volume":"313","author":"Oliveira","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroimmunology"},{"key":"10.3233\/HAB-210442_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25731","article-title":"Extra-axial inflammatory signal in parameninges in migraine with visual Aura","volume":"87","author":"Hadjikhani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"}],"container-title":["Human Antibodies"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/content.iospress.com\/download?id=10.3233\/HAB-210442","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T07:22:27Z","timestamp":1777447347000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.3233\/HAB-210442"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,2]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/hab-210442","relation":{},"ISSN":["1875-869X","1093-2607"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1875-869X","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1093-2607","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,2]]}}}