{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T18:35:03Z","timestamp":1777660503409,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["HAB"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND: Morbidity and mortality associated with HIV infection is immune-mediated, and an understanding of HIV immunology will be beneficial in the management of HIV infection OBJECTIVE: The objective of this research was to measure the levels of TNF-\u03b1, IL-6 and IFN-\u03b3 in asymptomatic HIV patients and non-HIV subjects, as well as their relationship with CD4 count. METHOD: Blood samples were collected from 173 subjects, consisting of 125 asymptomatic HIV patients (44 HAART-na\u00efve and 81 on HAART) and 48 non-HIV subjects. The IFN-, IL-6, and TNF- levels in the blood were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and the CD4 count of all participants was determined using flow cytometry. RESULTS: Regardless of treatment status, the IFN-\u03b3 levels of non-HIV subjects were significantly higher than those of HIV patients (p&lt; 0.001). The opposite was true for IL-6, as the levels of IL-6 in non-HIV subjects were significantly lower than those in HAART-na\u00efve HIV patients (p&lt; 0.001) and those on HAART (p&lt; 0.01). TNF-\u03b1 levels did not differ between HIV patients and their non-HIV counterparts. Generally, the levels of these cytokines was not affected (p&gt; 0.05) by immunosuppression (measured by CD4 count &lt; 200 cells\/\u03bcL) and there was no significant correlation between CD4 count and these cytokines (p&gt; 0.05). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, asymptomatic HIV infection decreased IFN-\u03b3, increased IL-6, and had no effect on TNF-\u03b1 levels, regardless of treatment status. Immunosuppression had no impact on these cytokine levels, and there was no relationship between them and CD4 counts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/hab-220014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,10]],"date-time":"2023-01-10T12:18:03Z","timestamp":1673353083000},"page":"177-182","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Interferon gamma, interleukin 6 and tissue necrosis factor alpha levels among asymptomatic HIV patients in Benin City, Nigeria"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Godwin Aigbedo","family":"Aikpitanyi-Iduitua","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Education, Medical Laboratory Science Council of Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isaiah Nnana","family":"Ibeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nosakhare Lawrence","family":"Idemudia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Microbiology Division, Medical Laboratory Services, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosemary Osamede","family":"Aikpitanyi-Iduitua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Omoregie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Microbiology Division, Medical Laboratory Services, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria"},{"name":"School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"key":"10.3233\/HAB-220014_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1590\/S0037-86822012000600002","article-title":"Immunovirological parameters and cytokines in HIV infection","volume":"45","author":"Tasca","year":"2012","journal-title":"Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical"},{"key":"10.3233\/HAB-220014_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1823","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3283489d1f","article-title":"The effect of HIV infection and HAART on inflammatory biomarkers in a population-based cohort of US women","volume":"25","author":"Keatinga","year":"2011","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.3233\/HAB-220014_ref6","first-page":"1003","article-title":"Cytokine levels in plasma samples of individuals with HIV infection","volume":"1","author":"Tudela","year":"2014","journal-title":"Austin Journal of Clinical 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