{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T18:49:22Z","timestamp":1793040562796,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,25]],"date-time":"2014-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1406246400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Descriptions of Lyme disease and dementia are rare.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe patients with dementia and a positive \u201cintrathecal anti-Borrelia antibody index\u201d (AI), specific for neuroborreliosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 1,594 patients seen for dementia, we prospectively identified and studied 20 patients (1.25%) with dementia and a positive AI. Patients underwent a battery of neuropsychological tests brain, MRI, FDG-PET, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis. An etiological diagnosis of the dementia was made at the end of the follow-up of 5.0 \u00b1 2.9 years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We found two groups of patients with dementia, the first (n = 7, 0.44%) with certain neuroborreliosis and stability or mild improvement of dementia after treatment by antibiotics and the second (n = 13, 0.81%) with progressive worsening of dementia, despite the antibiotics. In the second group, the final diagnoses were Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) (n = 4), AD and Lewy body disease (LBD) (n = 3), LBD (n = 1), FTLD (n = 3), hippocampal sclerosis (n = 1), and vascular dementia (n = 1). We did not observe any differences in cognitive test between the two patient groups at baseline. Brain MRI showed more focal atrophy and FDG-PET showed more frontal hypometabolism in the second group. Tau, p-tau, and A\u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>42<\/jats:sub>\n                      concentrations in the CSF were normal in the neuroborreliosis group, and coherent with diagnosis in the second.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec specific-use=\"heading-level-1\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pure Lyme dementia exists and has a good outcome after antibiotics. It is advisable to do Lyme serology in demented patients, and if serology is positive, to do CSF analysis with AI. Neurodegenerative dementia associated with positive AI also exists, which may have been revealed by the involvement of Borrelia in the CNS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3233\/jad-130446","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,4]],"date-time":"2018-06-04T12:58:03Z","timestamp":1528117083000},"page":"1087-1093","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Lyme Neuroborreliosis and Dementia"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Frederic","family":"Blanc","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital of Strasbourg, Neuropsychology Unit, Neurology Service, Strasbourg, France"},{"name":"University of Strasbourg and CNRS, ICube Laboratory and FMTS (F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de M\u00e9decine Translationnelle de Strasbourg) Strasbourg, France"},{"name":"University Hospital of Strasbourg, CMRR (Memory Resource and Research Center), Strasbourg, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Philippi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital of Strasbourg, Neuropsychology Unit, Neurology Service, Strasbourg, France"},{"name":"University of Strasbourg and CNRS, ICube Laboratory and FMTS (F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de M\u00e9decine Translationnelle de Strasbourg) Strasbourg, France"},{"name":"University Hospital of Strasbourg, CMRR (Memory Resource and Research Center), Strasbourg, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Cretin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital of Strasbourg, Neuropsychology Unit, Neurology Service, Strasbourg, France"},{"name":"University of Strasbourg and CNRS, ICube Laboratory and FMTS (F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de M\u00e9decine Translationnelle de Strasbourg) Strasbourg, France"},{"name":"University Hospital of Strasbourg, CMRR (Memory Resource and Research Center), Strasbourg, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Kleitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital of Strasbourg, Neuropsychology Unit, Neurology Service, Strasbourg, France"},{"name":"University Hospital of Strasbourg, CMRR (Memory Resource and Research Center), Strasbourg, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laetitia","family":"Berly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital of Strasbourg, Neuropsychology Unit, Neurology Service, Strasbourg, France"},{"name":"University Hospital of Strasbourg, CMRR (Memory Resource and Research Center), Strasbourg, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital of Strasbourg, Neuropsychology Unit, Neurology Service, Strasbourg, France"},{"name":"University of Strasbourg and CNRS, ICube Laboratory and FMTS (F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de M\u00e9decine Translationnelle de Strasbourg) Strasbourg, France"},{"name":"University Hospital of Strasbourg, CMRR (Memory Resource and Research Center), Strasbourg, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephane","family":"Kremer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Strasbourg and CNRS, ICube Laboratory and FMTS (F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de M\u00e9decine Translationnelle de Strasbourg) Strasbourg, France"},{"name":"University Hospital of Strasbourg, Neuroradiology Service, Strasbourg, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Izzie Jacques","family":"Namer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Strasbourg and CNRS, ICube Laboratory and FMTS (F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de M\u00e9decine Translationnelle de Strasbourg) Strasbourg, France"},{"name":"University Hospital of Strasbourg, Nuclear Medicine Service, Strasbourg, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Sellal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital of Strasbourg, CMRR (Memory Resource and Research Center), Strasbourg, France"},{"name":"General Hospital of Colmar, Neurology Service, Colmar, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benoit","family":"Jaulhac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital of Strasbourg, Laboratory of Bacteriology and National Center for Borrelia, Strasbourg, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerome","family":"de Seze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital of Strasbourg, Neuropsychology Unit, Neurology Service, Strasbourg, France"},{"name":"INSERM U119, Strasbourg, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,25]]},"container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/JAD-130446","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/JAD-130446","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T10:00:38Z","timestamp":1777370438000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.3233\/JAD-130446"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,25]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,25]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3233\/JAD-130446"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/jad-130446","relation":{},"ISSN":["1387-2877","1875-8908"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1387-2877","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8908","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,25]]}}}