{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T22:18:33Z","timestamp":1790374713329,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,29]],"date-time":"2016-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1469750400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Aluminum in human brain tissue is implicated in the etiologies of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer\u2019s disease. While methods for the accurate and precise measurement of aluminum in human brain tissue are widely acknowledged, the same cannot be said for the visualization of aluminum. Herein we have used transversely-heated graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry to measure aluminum in the brain of a donor with Alzheimer\u2019s disease, and we have developed and validated fluorescence microscopy and the fluor lumogallion to show the presence of aluminum in the same tissue. Aluminum is observed as characteristic orange fluorescence that is neither reproduced by other metals nor explained by autofluorescence. This new and relatively simple method to visualize aluminum in human brain tissue should enable more rigorous testing of the aluminum hypothesis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease (and other neurological conditions) in the future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jad-160648","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,29]],"date-time":"2016-07-29T11:30:06Z","timestamp":1469791806000},"page":"1333-1338","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["The Identification of Aluminum in Human Brain Tissue Using Lumogallion and Fluorescence Microscopy"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Ambreen","family":"Mirza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Birchall Centre, Lennard-Jones Laboratories, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuropathology, King\u2019s College Hospital, London, UK"},{"name":"MRC London Neurodegenerative Diseases Brain Bank, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King\u2019s College, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Troakes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC London Neurodegenerative Diseases Brain Bank, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King\u2019s College, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Exley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Birchall Centre, Lennard-Jones Laboratories, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00706-010-0417-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C1MT00139F"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1752-1947-8-41"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7367858"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2014.00212"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/an9760100922"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02524927"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep06287"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2005.086553"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3639.2008.00147.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-011-0910-3"}],"container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/JAD-160648","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.3233\/JAD-160648","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/JAD-160648","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T10:04:08Z","timestamp":1777370648000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.3233\/JAD-160648"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,29]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,18]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3233\/JAD-160648"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/jad-160648","relation":{},"ISSN":["1387-2877","1875-8908"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1387-2877","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8908","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,29]]}}}