{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T12:08:19Z","timestamp":1790510899651,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAD"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,14]]},"DOI":"10.3233\/jad-170448","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,18]],"date-time":"2017-07-18T10:57:15Z","timestamp":1500375435000},"page":"1335-1347","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Temporal Order of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease-Related Cognitive Marker Changes in BLSA and WRAP Longitudinal Studies"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Murat","family":"Bilgel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca L.","family":"Koscik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wisconsin Alzheimer\u2019s Institute, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, USA, Madison, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerry L.","family":"Prince","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan M.","family":"Resnick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sterling C.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wisconsin Alzheimer\u2019s Institute, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, USA, Madison, WI, USA"},{"name":"Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Wm. S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA"},{"name":"Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA"},{"name":"Waisman Laboratory for Brain Imaging and Behavior, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno M.","family":"Jedynak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1037\/0894-4105.19.4.520","article-title":"Cognitive impairment in preclinical Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A meta-analysis","volume":"19","author":"B\u00e4ckman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuropsychology"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617708080302","article-title":"Memory impairment, executive dysfunction, and intellectual decline in preclinical Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"14","author":"Grober","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Int Neuropsychol Soc"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000055813.36504.BF","article-title":"Visual memory predicts Alzheimer\u2019s disease more than a decade before diagnosis","volume":"60","author":"Kawas","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.57.6.808","article-title":"The preclinical phase of Alzheimer disease: A 22-year prospective study of the Framingham Cohort","volume":"57","author":"Elias","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31828ab35d","article-title":"Meta-analysis of amyloid-cognition relations in cognitively normal older adults","volume":"80","author":"Hedden","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2013.09.028","article-title":"Amyloid burden and neural function in people at risk for Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"35","author":"Johnson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2011.666","article-title":"Subjective cognition and amyloid deposition imaging: A Pittsburgh compound B positron emission tomography study in normal elderly individuals","volume":"69","author":"Perrotin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3240","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2092-14.2015","article-title":"Brain amyloid-\u03b2 burden is associated with disruption of intrinsic functional connectivity within the medial temporal lobe in cognitively normal elderly","volume":"35","author":"Song","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2880","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2012.08.011","article-title":"Subjective cognitive complaints and amyloid burden in cognitively normal older individuals","volume":"50","author":"Amariglio","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1636","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182661f74","article-title":"Amyloid-\u03b2 assessed by florbetapir F 18 PET and 18-month cognitive decline: A multicenter study","volume":"79","author":"Doraiswamy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2012.06.014","article-title":"Amyloid deposition detected with florbetapir F 18 (18F-AV-45) is related to lower episodic memory performance in clinically normal older individuals","volume":"34","author":"Sperling","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.003","article-title":"Toward defining the preclinical stages of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer\u2019s Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"7","author":"Sperling","year":"2011","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awt286","article-title":"Effect of amyloid on memory and non-memory decline from preclinical to clinical Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"137","author":"Lim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2014.12.008","article-title":"APOE \u025b4 moderates amyloid-related memory decline in preclinical Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"36","author":"Lim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1760","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000431","article-title":"Amyloid and APOE \u025b4 interact to influence short-term decline in preclinical Alzheimer disease","volume":"82","author":"Mormino","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2014.2476","article-title":"Amyloid-\u03b2, anxiety, and cognitive decline in preclinical Alzheimer disease: A multicenter, prospective cohort study","volume":"72","author":"Pietrzak","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1784","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182918ca6","article-title":"Amyloid imaging and CSF biomarkers in predicting cognitive impairment up to 7.5 years later","volume":"80","author":"Roe","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2013.01.009","article-title":"Fibrillar amyloid correlates of preclinical cognitive decline","volume":"10","author":"Stonnington","year":"2014","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70044-9","article-title":"Amyloid \u03b2 deposition, neurodegeneration, and cognitive decline in sporadic Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A prospective cohort study","volume":"12","author":"Villemagne","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2835","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2013.05.030","article-title":"Memory decline shows stronger associations with estimated spatial patterns of amyloid deposition progression than total amyloid burden","volume":"34","author":"Yotter","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181d3e3e9","article-title":"Longitudinal cognitive decline is associated with fibrillar amyloid-beta measured by [11C]PiB","volume":"74","author":"Resnick","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10402","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0150-15.2015","article-title":"Cognitive and brain profiles associated with current neuroimaging biomarkers of preclinical Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"35","author":"Besson","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001738","article-title":"Memory, executive, and multidomain subtle cognitive impairment: Clinical and biomarker findings","volume":"85","author":"Toledo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref24","first-page":"1512","article-title":"Associations between Alzheimer disease biomarkers, neurodegeneration, and cognition in cognitively normal older people","volume":"70","author":"Wirth","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2013.1062","article-title":"Cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis of the relationship between A\u03b2 deposition, cortical thickness, and memory in cognitively unimpaired individuals and in Alzheimer disease","volume":"70","author":"Dor\u00e9","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7709","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2177-05.2005","article-title":"Molecular, structural, and functional characterization of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Evidence for a relationship between default activity, amyloid, and memory","volume":"25","author":"Buckner","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1678","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.06.021","article-title":"Resting-state BOLD networks versus task-associated functional MRI for distinguishing Alzheimer\u2019s disease risk groups","volume":"47","author":"Fleisher","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.03.077","article-title":"Effects of beta-amyloid accumulation on neural function during encoding across the adult lifespan","volume":"62","author":"Kennedy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bht017","article-title":"Association of gray matter atrophy with age, \u03b2-amyloid, and cognition in aging","volume":"24","author":"Oh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3931","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2011.10.010","article-title":"The cortical neuroanatomy of neuropsychological deficits in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A surface-based morphometric analysis","volume":"49","author":"Ahn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref31","first-page":"2395","volume-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 28","author":"Schiratti","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref32","first-page":"2956","article-title":"Clustering longitudinal clinical marker trajectories from electronic health data: Applications to phenotyping and endotype discovery","author":"Schulam","year":"2015","journal-title":"AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2013.10.003","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Estimating long-term multivariate progression from short-term data","volume":"10","author":"Donohue","year":"2014","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref34","first-page":"387","article-title":"Multi-stage biomarker models for progression estimation in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"24","author":"Schmidt-Richberg","year":"2015","journal-title":"Inf Process Med Imaging"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2564","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awu176","article-title":"A data-driven model of biomarker changes in sporadic Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"137","author":"Young","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.07.059","article-title":"A computational neurodegenerative disease progression score: Method and results with the Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative cohort","volume":"63","author":"Jedynak","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016.04.001","article-title":"A multivariate nonlinear mixed effects model for longitudinal image analysis: Application to amyloid imaging","volume":"134","author":"Bilgel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref38","volume-title":"Normal human aging: The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging","author":"Shock","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1177\/0891988705281882","article-title":"Middle-aged children of persons with Alzheimer\u2019s disease: APOE genotypes and cognitive function in the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer\u2019s Prevention","volume":"18","author":"Sager","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref40","volume-title":"Trail making test: Manual for administration and scoring","author":"Reitan","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref41","volume-title":"Wechsler adult intelligence scale-revised","author":"Wechsler","year":"1981"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref42","volume-title":"Wechsler adult intelligence scale","author":"Wechsler","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref43","volume-title":"The California verbal learning test","author":"Delis","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref44","volume-title":"Neuropsychological assessment","author":"Lezak","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref45","unstructured":"Kaplan E , Goodglass H , Weintraub S (1983) Boston naming test, Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, PA."},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6","article-title":"\u201cMini-mental state\u201d: A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician","volume":"12","author":"Folstein","year":"1975","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref47","volume-title":"Missile wounds of the brain: A study of psychological deficits","author":"Newcombe","year":"1969"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref48","first-page":"185","volume-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Senile dementia and related disorders","author":"Fuld","year":"1978"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2412","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.11.2412-a","article-title":"The Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR): Current version and scoring rules","volume":"43","author":"Morris","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.34.7.939","article-title":"Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Report of the NINCDS-ADRDA work group under the auspices of Department of Health and Human Services Task Force on Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"34","author":"McKhann","year":"1984","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2004.01388.x","article-title":"Mild cognitive impairment as a diagnostic entity","volume":"256","author":"Petersen","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1093\/arclin\/acw024","article-title":"Mild Cognitive Impairment in late middle age in the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer\u2019s Prevention (WRAP) study: Prevalence and characteristics using robust and standard neuropsychological normative data","volume":"31","author":"Clark","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch Clin Neuropsychol"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1159\/000355682","article-title":"Emergence of mild cognitive impairment in late middle-aged adults in the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer\u2019s Prevention","volume":"38","author":"Koscik","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref55","volume-title":"Wechsler memory scale-revised","author":"Wechsler","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181cb3e25","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) clinical characterization","volume":"74","author":"Petersen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.008","article-title":"The diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer\u2019s Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"7","author":"Albert","year":"2011","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2015.12.009","article-title":"Beta-amyloid and cognitive decline in late middle age: Findings from the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer\u2019s Prevention study","volume":"12","author":"Clark","year":"2016","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1037\/pag0000070","article-title":"Sex differences in cognitive trajectories in clinically normal older adults","volume":"31","author":"McCarrey","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychol Aging"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1007\/s000180050223","article-title":"The role of APOE polymorphisms in late-onset dementias","volume":"54","author":"Corder","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2012.263","article-title":"Apolipoprotein E and Alzheimer disease: Risk, mechanisms and therapy","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2010.536133","article-title":"Impaired digit span can predict further cognitive decline in older people with subjective memory complaint: A preliminary result","volume":"15","author":"Kurt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aging Ment Health"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000650","article-title":"Neuropsychological changes in asymptomatic persons with Alzheimer disease neuropathology","volume":"83","author":"Monsell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1080\/13854046.2012.694478","article-title":"A retrospective review of digit span-related effort indicators in probable Alzheimer\u2019s disease patients","volume":"26","author":"Kiewel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Neuropsychol"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1093\/arclin\/acw014","article-title":"False-positive error rates for reliable digit span and auditory verbal learning test performance validity measures in amnestic mild cognitive impairment and early Alzheimer disease","volume":"31","author":"Loring","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch Clin Neuropsychol"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1159\/000345038","article-title":"Recommended measures for the assessment of cognitive and physical performance in older patients with dementia: A systematic review","volume":"2","author":"Bossers","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis Extra"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/S0926-6410(00)00006-9","article-title":"Visuospatial imagery is a fruitful strategy for the digit span backward task: A study with near-infrared optical tomography","volume":"9","author":"Hoshi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cogn Brain Res"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1781","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2004.04.023","article-title":"Shared and distinct neurophysiological components of the digits forward and backward tasks as revealed by functional neuroimaging","volume":"42","author":"Gerton","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-170448_ref69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1159\/000129666","article-title":"Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex disrupts digit span task performance","volume":"57","author":"Aleman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuropsychobiology"}],"container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer's Disease"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/content.iospress.com\/download?id=10.3233\/JAD-170448","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T10:04:21Z","timestamp":1777370661000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.3233\/JAD-170448"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Michael","family":"Malek-Ahmadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,14]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/jad-170448","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/081174","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1387-2877","1875-8908"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1387-2877","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8908","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,14]]}}}