{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T07:49:57Z","timestamp":1793346597205,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,21]],"date-time":"2018-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1534809600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Saccade alterations are potential early signs of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. However, uncertainty persists in how early and reliably automated saccade recording systems detect impairments. This multicenter pathophysiological case-control transversal study explored saccade execution in carefully diagnosed amnestic mild cognitive impairment patients fulfilling research criteria for prodromal Alzheimer\u2019s disease ( n\u200a=\u200a29), as compared to both aged-matched mild Alzheimer\u2019s disease patients ( n\u200a=\u200a23) and controls ( n\u200a=\u200a27). Auto-coded saccades from horizontal (gap) vertical (step) stimulus elicited pro-saccades, and anti-saccade (gap) tasks were compared across the 3 groups. Mild cognitive impairment patients committed significantly more anti-saccade errors compared to controls (46.9 versus 24.3%, p\u200a&lt;\u200a0.001). Conventional analyses of the auto-coded stimulus elicited saccades parameters did not distinguish the amnestic mild cognitive impairment from controls or the mild Alzheimer\u2019s disease group. However, an offline analysis of manually coded saccade latencies, using resampling statistics did reveal subtle differences among the groups. Analysis of the manually coded data revealed that the mild Alzheimer\u2019s disease group had a reliably larger self-corrected error-rate than in amnestic mild cognitive impairment and controls ( p\u200a=\u200a0.003). Analysis of the manually coded saccade latencies, using more sensitive lognormal bootstrap analysis revealed a continuum, from amnestic mild cognitive impairment to mild Alzheimer\u2019s disease, of an increased severity of impaired inhibition of stimulus elicited saccades and correct voluntary saccade initiation. Anti-saccade error rates and psychometric measures of executive and several other cognitive functions were moderately and negatively correlated. Overall, inhibitory impairments in stimulus elicited saccades, characteristic of Alzheimer\u2019s disease, may be detected early in presumed prodromal patients using a simple, automated anti-saccade task.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jad-180082","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,24]],"date-time":"2018-08-24T13:54:49Z","timestamp":1535118889000},"page":"1209-1223","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Prodromal Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Demonstrates Increased Errors at a Simple and Automated Anti-Saccade Task"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"John G.","family":"Holden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Clinical Branch, University and University Hospital of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, OH, 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