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This review examines a novel therapeutic modality that shows promise for treating AD based on modulating neuronal activity in the gamma frequency band through external brain stimulation. The gamma frequency band is roughly defined as being between 30 Hz-100 Hz, with the 40 Hz point being of particular significance. The epidemiology, diagnostics, existing pathological models, and related current treatment targets are initially briefly reviewed. Next, the concept of external simulation triggering brain activity in the gamma band with potential demonstration of benefit in AD is introduced with reference to a recent important study using a mouse model of the disease. The review then presents a selection of relevant studies that describe the neurophysiology involved in brain stimulation by external sources, followed by studies involving application of the modality to clinical scenarios. A table summarizing the results of clinical studies applied to AD patients is also reported and may aid future development of the modality. The use of a therapy based on modulation of gamma neuronal activity represents a novel non-invasive, non-pharmacological approach to AD. Although use in clinical scenarios is still a relatively recent area of research, the technique shows good signs of efficacy and may represent an important option for treating AD in the future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jad-180391","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,20]],"date-time":"2018-07-20T12:36:55Z","timestamp":1532090215000},"page":"363-392","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":96,"title":["Gamma Band Neural Stimulation in Humans and the Promise of a New Modality to Prevent and Treat Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Barry","family":"McDermott","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Medical Device Lab, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Porter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Medical Device Lab, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diarmaid","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Science, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"McGinley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Medical Device Lab, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland"},{"name":"Department of Computer Science & Applied Physics, Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology, Galway, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Lang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Astronomy, School of Physics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"O\u2019Halloran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Medical Device Lab, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marggie","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Medical Device Lab, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2011.2"},{"key":"ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01124-1"},{"key":"ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharep.2014.09.004"},{"key":"ref004","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. 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