{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T15:41:42Z","timestamp":1790696502634,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,26]],"date-time":"2019-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577318400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      2-(4\u2019- [\n                      <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>\n                      C]Methylaminophenyl)-6-hydroxybenzothiazole ([\n                      <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>\n                      C]-PiB), purportedly a specific imaging agent for cerebral amyloid-\u03b2 plaques, is a specific, high affinity substrate for estrogen sulfotransferase (SULT1E1), an enzyme that regulates estrogen homeostasis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this work, we use positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with [\n                      <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>\n                      C]-PiB to assess the functional activity of SULT1E1 in the brain of moyamoya disease patients.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Ten moyamoya subjects and five control patients were evaluated with [\n                      <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>\n                      C]-PiB PET and structural MRI scans. Additionally, a patient with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) received [\n                      <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>\n                      C]-PiB PET scans before and after steroidal and immunomodulatory therapy. Parametric PET images were established to assess SULT1E1 distribution in the inflamed brain tissue.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Increased [\n                      <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>\n                      C]-PiB SRTM DVR in the thalamus, pons, corona radiata, and internal capsule of moyamoya cohort subjects was observed in comparison with controls ( p\u200a\u2264\u200a0.01). This was observed in patients without treatment, with collateralization, and also after radiation. The post-treatment [\n                      <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>\n                      C]-PiB PET scan in one RRMS patient also revealed substantially reduced subcortical brain inflammation. In validation studies, [\n                      <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>\n                      C]-PiB autoradiography signal in the peri-infarct area of the rat middle cerebral arterial occlusion stroke model was shown to correlate with SULT1E1 immunohistochemistry.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Strong [\n                      <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>\n                      C]-PiB PET signal associated with intracranial inflammation in the moyamoya syndrome cohort and a single RRMS patient appears consistent with functional imaging of SULT1E1 activity in the human brain. This preliminary work offers substantial and direct evidence that significant [\n                      <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>\n                      C]-PiB PET focal signals can be obtained from the living human brain with intracranial inflammation, signals not attributable to amyloid-\u03b2 plaques.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3233\/jad-190559","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,27]],"date-time":"2019-12-27T11:07:19Z","timestamp":1577444839000},"page":"1023-1033","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Probing Estrogen Sulfotransferase-Mediated Inflammation with [\n                    <sup>11<\/sup>\n                    C]-PiB in the Living Human Brain"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Surmak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koon-Pong","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graham B.","family":"Cole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Hirata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Los Angeles, CA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander A.","family":"Aabedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omid","family":"Mirfendereski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Payam","family":"Mirfendereski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy S.","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Los Angeles, CA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung-Cheng","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John M.","family":"Ringman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Los Angeles, CA, USA"},{"name":"University of Southern California, Department of Neurology, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David S.","family":"Liebeskind","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge R.","family":"Barrio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20009"},{"key":"ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-130485"},{"key":"ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-013-1185-7"},{"key":"ref004","first-page":"114P","volume":"45","author":"Mathis CA","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.14.1.104"},{"key":"ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.114.007407"},{"key":"ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2009.191817"},{"key":"ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0804622"},{"key":"ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2007-0001"},{"key":"ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(95)00214-Q"},{"key":"ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000142050.19488.C7"},{"key":"ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/immu.200310027"},{"key":"ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1539"},{"key":"ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1400806"},{"key":"ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.18.10888"},{"key":"ref016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.11.4.9068609"},{"key":"ref017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2001.tb03985.x"},{"key":"ref018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/o85-141"},{"key":"ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0914904107"},{"key":"ref020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-020670"},{"key":"ref021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40708-015-0026-y"},{"key":"ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A4728"},{"key":"ref023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.14.1.50"},{"key":"ref024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/neup.12455"},{"key":"ref025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2008.01713.x"},{"key":"ref026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/HMBCI.2011.117"},{"key":"ref027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.1.159"},{"key":"ref028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M508289200"},{"key":"ref029","first-page":"544","volume":"50","author":"Soriano SG","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"ref030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0047773"},{"key":"ref031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.589010"},{"key":"ref032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(97)01139-9"},{"key":"ref033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/089771502753460196"},{"key":"ref034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.111.636266"},{"key":"ref035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22320"},{"key":"ref036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/123.6.1174"},{"key":"ref037","first-page":"15N","volume":"53","author":"Bengel FM","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"ref038","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-012-2088-x"},{"key":"ref039","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-06-02086.2003"},{"key":"ref040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0b013e318253ab8e"},{"key":"ref041","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02688699650040340"},{"key":"ref042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0317167100028201"},{"key":"ref043","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70291-0"},{"key":"ref044","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NEN.0b013e31825018f7"},{"key":"ref045","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2011.77"}],"container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/JAD-190559","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.3233\/JAD-190559","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/JAD-190559","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T10:07:24Z","timestamp":1777370844000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.3233\/JAD-190559"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,26]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3233\/JAD-190559"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/jad-190559","relation":{},"ISSN":["1387-2877","1875-8908"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1387-2877","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8908","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,26]]}}}