{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T11:08:23Z","timestamp":1782990503746,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,24]],"date-time":"2020-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592956800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Assessing neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in older adults is important for determining dementia risk. Mild behavioral impairment (MBI) is an at-risk state for cognitive decline and dementia, characterized by emergent NPS in later life. MBI has significantly higher dementia incidence than late life psychiatric conditions. However, its utility as a proxy for neurodegeneration has not been demonstrated. Plasma neurofilament light (NfL) is a validated biomarker of axonal damage, and has been shown to associate with hallmarks of neurodegeneration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of this investigation was to identify associations between NfL rate of change and the presence of MBI symptomatology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We evaluated the association of MBI with changes in NfL in a cohort ( n\u200a=\u200a584; MBI\u200a+\u200an\u200a=\u200a190, MBI\u2013 n\u200a=\u200a394) of non-demented participants from the Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. MBI was determined by transforming Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire items using a published algorithm. Change in NfL was calculated over 2 years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Time*MBI status was the only significant interaction to predict change in NfL concentrations ( F(1,574)\u200a=\u200a4.59, p\u200a=\u200a0.032), even after controlling for age, mild cognitive impairment, and demographics. Analyses reclassifying 64 participants with new onset MBI over 2 years similarly demonstrated greater increases in NfL ( F(1,574)\u200a=\u200a5.82, p\u200a=\u200a0.016).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings suggest MBI is a clinical proxy of early phase neurodegeneration with putative utility in identifying those at dementia risk. MBI can be used as a case ascertainment approach to capture those at high risk for cognitive decline and dementia, and is an important construct for clinicians dealing with cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptomatology in older adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3233\/jad-200011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,26]],"date-time":"2020-06-26T18:58:04Z","timestamp":1593197884000},"page":"1017-1027","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":103,"title":["Plasma Neurofilament Light: A Marker of Neurodegeneration in Mild Behavioral Impairment"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"James P.","family":"Naude","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sascha","family":"Gill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Community Health Science, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"McGirr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nils D.","family":"Forkert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Alberta Children\u2019s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oury","family":"Monchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter K.","family":"Stys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric E.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zahinoor","family":"Ismail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Community Health Science, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"for the Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.005"},{"key":"ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CLEP.S186590"},{"key":"ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70228-4"},{"key":"ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2015.12.003"},{"key":"ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610218000042"},{"key":"ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2014.13060821"},{"key":"ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2013.01.006"},{"key":"ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001238"},{"key":"ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dadm.2019.02.006"},{"key":"ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2015.05.017"},{"key":"ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-170632"},{"key":"ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2019.01.215"},{"key":"ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610217000527"},{"key":"ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610217001880"},{"key":"ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/trc2.12016"},{"key":"ref016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610217001260"},{"key":"ref017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610217000874"},{"key":"ref018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-160979"},{"key":"ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2019.0765"},{"key":"ref020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000004667"},{"key":"ref021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0075091"},{"key":"ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2016.6117"},{"key":"ref023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-018-0404-9"},{"key":"ref024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-018-0079-7"},{"key":"ref025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dadm.2019.08.002"},{"key":"ref026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000003154"},{"key":"ref027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S104161021700151X"},{"key":"ref028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.06.2685"},{"key":"ref029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000007968"},{"key":"ref030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-190278"},{"key":"ref031","first-page":"P1535","volume":"15","author":"Ismail Z","year":"2019","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"ref032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.32684"},{"key":"ref033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.92.15_supplement.P5.1-025"},{"key":"ref034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.02.018"},{"key":"ref035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12007"},{"key":"ref036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000007767"},{"key":"ref037","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2019.03.019"},{"key":"ref038","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-019-09567-8"},{"key":"ref039","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2016.07.007"},{"key":"ref040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2019.06.4861"},{"key":"ref041","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-018-0214-2"},{"key":"ref042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2016.04.001"},{"key":"ref043","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.8964"},{"key":"ref044","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610217001909"},{"key":"ref045","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610218000698"},{"key":"ref046","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-180131"},{"key":"ref047","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-191169"},{"key":"ref048","first-page":"158","volume":"39","author":"Lussier F","year":"2019","journal-title":". J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"ref049","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2019.06.872"},{"key":"ref050","first-page":"1","volume":"17","author":"Creese B","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int Psychogeriatr"},{"key":"ref051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/cjn.2019.27"},{"key":"ref052","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trci.2017.01.004"},{"key":"ref053","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trci.2018.09.008"},{"key":"ref054","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-191282"},{"key":"ref055","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-030379"},{"key":"ref056","first-page":"e200989","volume":"11","author":"Leuzy A","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/JAD-200011","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.3233\/JAD-200011","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/JAD-200011","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T10:08:25Z","timestamp":1777370905000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.3233\/JAD-200011"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,24]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3233\/JAD-200011"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/jad-200011","relation":{},"ISSN":["1387-2877","1875-8908"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1387-2877","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8908","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,24]]}}}