{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T06:36:29Z","timestamp":1781246189489,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,4]],"date-time":"2020-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588550400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) remains a challenge to differentiate from subcortical ischemic vascular disease (SIVD). Despite major research efforts, the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker profiles of the two diseases are still not known in detail.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To determine if novel CSF biomarkers, neurofilament light (NFL) reflecting axonal damage, the synaptic protein neurogranin (NG), and the astroglial marker chitinase-3-like protein 1 (YKL-40), and the core Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) biomarkers, amyloid-\u03b2 42 (A\u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>42<\/jats:sub>\n                      ), total tau (t-tau), phosphorylated tau (p-tau), can differentiate iNPH from SIVD. Patients with AD and healthy controls (HC) were included for comparison purposes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with iNPH ( n\u200a=\u200a28), SIVD ( n\u200a=\u200a30), AD ( n\u200a=\u200a57), and HC ( n\u200a=\u200a33) were retrospectively included from the Danish Dementia Biobank. All patients with iNPH had effect of shunt surgery with a follow-up period of 4 to 69 months. CSF biomarkers were measured using immunoassays.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Lower levels of NFL, NG, A\u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>42<\/jats:sub>\n                      , and t-tau were found in patients with iNPH versus SIVD, while YKL-40 and p-tau were similar in the two diseases. NFL and A\u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>42<\/jats:sub>\n                      were the most reliable biomarkers to differentiate iNPH from SIVD with an area under the curve (AUC) on 0.82 and 0.80, respectively. Combining NFL with A\u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>42<\/jats:sub>\n                      , t-tau, and p-tau resulted in an AUC of 0.90, which was equivalent to the diagnostic accuracy of all six biomarkers combined.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      An addition of NFL to the CSF panel of A\u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>42<\/jats:sub>\n                      , t-tau, and p-tau may improve the differentiation of iNPH from SIVD.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3233\/jad-200036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,5]],"date-time":"2020-05-05T10:53:40Z","timestamp":1588676020000},"page":"937-947","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers to Differentiate Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus from Subcortical Ischemic Vascular Disease"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Christina","family":"Manniche","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Danish Dementia Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anja Hviid","family":"Simonsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Danish Dementia Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steen Gregers","family":"Hasselbalch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Danish Dementia Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 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