{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T17:15:37Z","timestamp":1777396537934,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,15]],"date-time":"2020-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600128000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAD"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: In the treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD), it is thought to be most effective to intervene at the earliest and mildest stages. For diagnosis at the earliest and mildest stages, it is desirable to use a biomarker that can be detected by a minimally invasive, cost-effective technique. Recent research indicates the potential clinical usefulness of plasma amyloid-\u03b2 (A\u03b2) biomarkers in predicting brain A\u03b2 burden at an individual level. However, it is as yet unproven that accumulation of A\u03b2 necessarily leads to the development of AD. Objective: Homocysteic acid (HCA) is useful as an early diagnostic marker for mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a pre-stage of AD. Methods: We measured the concentration of HCA, tumor necrosis factor alpha, cortisol, tau, and phosphorylated tau (p-tau) in patients\u2019 plasma of 22 AD, 23 MCI, and 9 negative control (NC) cases. Results: Plasma HCA was shown to be very high in areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC), distinguished between MCI and NC; when 0.116\u03bcM was chosen as the analyte concentration cut-off, the sensitivity was 95.7% and the specificity was 70%. Conclusion: Our results suggest that plasma HCA may be a useful indicator as an early diagnostic marker for MCI. HCA seems to be upstream from neurodegeneration in the AD pathology because it is known that an overactive NMDA receptor promotes amyloid polymerization and tau phosphorylation in AD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jad-200234","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,31]],"date-time":"2020-07-31T12:56:49Z","timestamp":1596200209000},"page":"773-780","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Homocysteic Acid in Blood Can Detect Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Preliminary Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Tohru","family":"Hasegawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Saga Women\u2019s Junior College, Saga, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshinori","family":"Kosoku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R & D Center, Nipro Co., Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuka","family":"Sano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R & D Center, Nipro Co., Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R & D Center, Nipro Co., Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiaki","family":"Kudoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KUDOH Clinic for Neurosurgery and Neurology, Ota-ku, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Tabira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KUDOH Clinic for Neurosurgery and Neurology, Ota-ku, Tokyo, Japan"},{"name":"Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 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