{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T05:14:20Z","timestamp":1789622060776,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,4]],"date-time":"2021-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620086400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAD"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Understanding how dysregulation in lipid metabolism relates to the severity of Alzheimer\u2018s disease (AD) pathology might be critical in developing effective treatments. Objective: To identify lipid species in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) associated with signature AD pathology and to explore their relationships with measures reflecting AD-related processes (neurodegeneration, inflammation, deficits in verbal episodic memory) among subjects at the pre- and early symptomatic stages of dementia. Methods: A total of 60 subjects that had been referred to an Icelandic memory clinic cohort were classified as having CSF AD (n\u200a=\u200a34) or non-AD (n\u200a=\u200a26) pathology profiles. Untargeted CSF lipidomic analysis was performed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) for the detection of mass-to-charge ratio (m\/z) features. CSF proteins reflecting neurodegeneration (neurofilament light [NFL]) and inflammation (chitinase-3-like protein 1 [YKL-40], S100 calcium-binding protein B [S100B], glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAP]) were also measured. Rey Auditory Verbal Learning (RAVLT) and Story tests were used for the assessment of verbal episodic memory. Results: Eight out of 1008 features were identified as best distinguishing between the CSF profile groups. Of those, only the annotation of the m\/z feature assigned to lipid species C18 ceramide was confirmed with a high confidence. Multiple regression analyses, adjusted for age, gender, and education, demonstrated significant associations of CSF core AD markers (A\u03b242: st.\u03b2=\u200a\u20130.36, p\u200a=\u200a0.007; T-tau: st.\u03b2=\u200a0.41, p\u200a=\u200a0.005) and inflammatory marker S100B (st.\u03b2=\u200a0.51, p\u200a=\u200a0.001) with C18 ceramide levels. Conclusion: Higher levels of C18 ceramide associated with increased AD pathology and inflammation, suggesting its potential value as a therapeutic target.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jad-200964","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,30]],"date-time":"2021-03-30T14:39:07Z","timestamp":1617115147000},"page":"231-244","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Cerebrospinal Fluid C18 Ceramide Associates with Markers of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease and Inflammation at the Pre- and Early Stages of Dementia"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Unnur D.","family":"Teitsdottir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Biomedical Center, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Skarphedinn","family":"Halldorsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Systems Biology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ottar","family":"Rolfsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Systems Biology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sigrun H.","family":"Lund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"deCODE Genetics\/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria K.","family":"Jonsdottir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Landspitali \u2013National University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jon","family":"Snaedal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Memory Clinic, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Landspitali - National University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petur H.","family":"Petersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Biomedical Center, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-200964_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.02.018","article-title":"NIA-AA Research Framework: Toward a biological definition of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"14","author":"Jack","year":"2018","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-200964_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(84)80190-4","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Initial report of the purification and characterization of a novel cerebrovascular amyloid protein","volume":"120","author":"Glenner","year":"1984","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res 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