{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T13:26:10Z","timestamp":1792157170165,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,20]],"date-time":"2021-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613779200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Olfactory impairment is evident in Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD); however, its precise relationships with clinical biomarker measures of tau pathology and neuroinflammation are not well understood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine if odor identification performance measured with the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) is related to in vivo measures of tau pathology and neuroinflammation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Cognitively normal and cognitively impaired participants were selected from an established research cohort of adults aged 50 and older who underwent neuropsychological testing, brain MRI, and amyloid PET. Fifty-four participants were administered the UPSIT. Forty-one underwent\n                      <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                      F-MK-6240 PET (measuring tau pathology) and fifty-three underwent\n                      <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>\n                      C-PBR28 PET (measuring TSPO, present in activated microglia). Twenty-three participants had lumbar puncture to measure CSF concentrations of total tau (t-tau), phosphorylated tau (p-tau), and amyloid-\u03b2 (A\u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>42<\/jats:sub>\n                      ).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Low UPSIT performance was associated with greater\n                      <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                      F-MK-6240 binding in medial temporal cortex, hippocampus, middle\/inferior temporal gyri, inferior parietal cortex, and posterior cingulate cortex ( p\u200a&lt;\u200a0.05). Similar relationships were seen for\n                      <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>\n                      C-PBR28. These relationships were primarily driven by amyloid-positive participants. Lower UPSIT performance was associated with greater CSF concentrations of t-tau and p-tau ( p\u200a&lt;\u200a0.05). Amyloid status and cognitive status exhibited independent effects on UPSIT performance ( p\u200a&lt;\u200a0.01).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Olfactory identification deficits are related to extent of tau pathology and neuroinflammation, particularly in those with amyloid pathophysiology. The independent association of amyloid-positivity and cognitive impairment with odor identification suggests that low UPSIT performance may be a marker for AD pathophysiology in cognitive normal individuals, although impaired odor identification is associated with both AD and non-AD related neurodegeneration. NCT Registration Numbers: NCT03373604; NCT02831283<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3233\/jad-201149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,23]],"date-time":"2021-02-23T13:56:05Z","timestamp":1614088565000},"page":"1051-1065","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Olfactory Impairment Is Related to Tau Pathology and Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"Julia","family":"Klein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Taub Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA"},{"name":"Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyu","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aubrey","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taub Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeljko","family":"Tomljanovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taub Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taub Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krista","family":"Polly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taub Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lawrence S.","family":"Honig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taub Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam M.","family":"Brickman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taub Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaakov","family":"Stern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taub Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA"},{"name":"Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.P.","family":"Devanand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seonjoo","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA"},{"name":"The Research Foundation for Mental Hygiene, Inc, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William C.","family":"Kreisl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taub Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0361-9230(87)90129-8"},{"key":"ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-4580(90)90014-Q"},{"key":"ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.157.9.1399"},{"key":"ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2006.11.014"},{"key":"ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13670-014-0080-y"},{"key":"ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2014.06.004"},{"key":"ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00308809"},{"key":"ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2005-7208"},{"key":"ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24960"},{"key":"ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001614"},{"key":"ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2008.09.008"},{"key":"ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24447"},{"key":"ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dadm.2017.09.001"},{"key":"ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-170564"},{"key":"ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5846(03)00124-6"},{"key":"ref016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2011.147"},{"key":"ref017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2012.131"},{"key":"ref018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1983.01790060110016"},{"key":"ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01688638908400912"},{"key":"ref020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.008"},{"key":"ref021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.005"},{"key":"ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.116.187351"},{"key":"ref023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2017.04.025"},{"key":"ref024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-011-1745-9"},{"key":"ref025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.118.209650"},{"key":"ref026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.114.146027"},{"key":"ref027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2005.051201"},{"key":"ref028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x"},{"key":"ref029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2010-100696"},{"key":"ref030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2006.099721"},{"key":"ref031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2019.01.002"},{"key":"ref032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.115.171678"},{"key":"ref033","first-page":"2740","volume":"141","author":"Dani M","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2019.09.019"},{"key":"ref035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2008.01826.x"},{"key":"ref036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-170960"},{"key":"ref037","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181f3db84"},{"key":"ref038","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-014-1302-2"},{"key":"ref039","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.118.208215"}],"container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/JAD-201149","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.3233\/JAD-201149","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3233\/JAD-201149","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T10:05:15Z","timestamp":1777370715000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.3233\/JAD-201149"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Brian","family":"Gordon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,20]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3233\/JAD-201149"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/jad-201149","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2020.08.31.20183558","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1387-2877","1875-8908"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1387-2877","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8908","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,20]]}}}