{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T12:18:51Z","timestamp":1779365931224,"version":"3.53.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAD"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The major confirmed genetic risk factor for late-onset, sporadic Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) is variant \u025b4 of apolipoprotein E gene (APOE). It is proposed that ApoE, a protein involved in transport of cholesterol to neurons can cause neurodegeneration in AD through interaction with metals. Previous studies mostly associated copper, iron, zinc, and calcium with ApoE4-mediated toxicity. Objective: To test the association of essential metals with APOE genotype. Methods: We compared plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of copper, zinc, iron, sodium, magnesium, calcium, cobalt, molybdenum, manganese, boron, and chromium, and CSF ferritin levels among AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients, and healthy controls (HC) with different APOE genotype. Results: Sodium, copper, and magnesium levels were increased in carriers of \u025b4 allele. Additionally, the increase in sodium, calcium and cobalt plasma levels was observed in carriers of \u025b4\/\u025bx genotype. The decrease in boron plasma levels was observed in carriers of \u025b4 allele and \u025b4\/\u025b4 genotype. Additionally, CSF zinc levels as well as plasma sodium levels were increased in AD patients compared to HC. Conclusion: These results indicate that the molecular underpinnings of association of essential metals and metalloids with APOE should be further tested and clarified in vivo and in vitro.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jad-210158","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,28]],"date-time":"2021-05-28T15:25:32Z","timestamp":1622215532000},"page":"661-672","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["The Association of Essential Metals with APOE Genotype in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Mirjana","family":"Babi\u0107 Leko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jasna","family":"Jurasovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Analytical Toxicology and Mineral Metabolism Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matea","family":"Nikolac Perkovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ru\u0111er Bo\u0161kovi\u0107 Institute, Division of Molecular Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ena","family":"\u0160pani\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ankica","family":"Sekovani\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Analytical Toxicology and Mineral Metabolism Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatjana","family":"Orct","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Analytical Toxicology and Mineral Metabolism Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vesna","family":"Lukinovi\u0107 \u0160kudar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koraljka","family":"Ba\u010di\u0107 Baronica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Department of Neurology, Clinical Hospital \u201cSveti Duh\u201c, Zagreb, Croatia and Neurology Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Spomenka","family":"Ki\u0111emet-Piska\u010d","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, General Hospital Vara\u017edin, Vara\u017edin, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u017deljka","family":"Vogrinc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Neurobiochemistry, Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nela","family":"Pivac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ru\u0111er Bo\u0161kovi\u0107 Institute, Division of Molecular Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fran","family":"Borove\u010dki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Functional Genomics, Center for Translational and Clinical Research, University of Zagreb Medical School, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick R.","family":"Hof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, and Ronald M. 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