{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T16:54:48Z","timestamp":1777395288511,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAD"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: P-wave terminal force in lead V1 (PTFV1) on electrocardiography has been associated with atrial fibrillation and ischemic stroke. Objective: To investigate whether PTFV1 is associated with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) markers and etiological subtypes of cognitive impairment and dementia. Methods: Participants were recruited from ongoing memory clinic study between August 2010 to January 2019. All participants underwent physical and medical evaluation along with an electrocardiography and 3\u200aT brain magnetic resonance imaging. Participants were classified as no cognitive impairment, cognitive impairment no dementia, vascular cognitive impairment no dementia, and dementia subtypes (Alzheimer\u2019s disease and vascular dementia). Elevated PTFV1 was defined as &gt;\u200a4,000\u03bcV\u00d7ms and measured manually on ECG. Results: Of 408 participants, 78 (19.1%) had elevated PTFV1 (37 women [47%]; mean [SD] age, 73.8 [7.2] years). The participants with elevated PTFV1 had higher burden of lacunes, cerebral microbleeds (CMB), and cortical microinfarcts. As for the CMB location, persons with strictly deep CMB and mixed CMB had significantly higher PTFV1 than those with no CMB (p\u200a=\u200a0.005, p\u200a=\u200a0.007). Regardless of adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors and\/or heart diseases, elevated PTFV1 was significantly associated with presence of CMB (odds ratio, 2.26; 95% CI,1.33\u20133.91). Conclusion: Elevated PTFV1 was associated with CSVD, especially deep CMB. PTFV1 in vascular dementia was also higher compared to Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Thus, PTFV1 might be a potential surrogate marker of brain-heart connection and vascular brain damage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jad-215413","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,15]],"date-time":"2022-02-15T13:35:34Z","timestamp":1644932134000},"page":"1093-1105","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The Association Between Standard Electrocardiography and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in a Memory Clinic Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Tomotaka","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore"},{"name":"Memory Aging & Cognition Centre, National University Health System, Singapore"},{"name":"Clinical Imaging Research Centre, National University of Singapore, Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bibek","family":"Gyanwali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Memory Aging & Cognition Centre, National University Health System, Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven Gayoles","family":"Villaraza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Memory Aging & Cognition Centre, National University Health System, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francis N.","family":"Saridin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore"},{"name":"Memory Aging & Cognition Centre, National University Health System, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henri","family":"Vrooman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masafumi","family":"Ihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthonin","family":"Reilhac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Imaging Research Centre, National University of Singapore, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher L.H.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore"},{"name":"Memory Aging & Cognition Centre, National University Health System, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saima","family":"Hilal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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