{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T17:01:33Z","timestamp":1777395693146,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]],"date-time":"2022-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659398400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAD"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) has shown some association with hippocampal volume in healthy subjects, but this relation has not been investigated in stable mild cognitive impairment (sMCI) or Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD). Objective: At a single memory clinic, we investigated whether serum IGF-I was associated with baseline magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-estimated brain volumes and longitudinal alterations, defined as annualized changes, up to 6 years of follow-up. Methods: A prospective study of patients with sMCI (n\u200a=\u200a110) and AD (n\u200a=\u200a60). Brain regions included the hippocampus and amygdala as well as the temporal, parietal, frontal, and occipital lobes, respectively. Results: Serum IGF-I was statistically similar in sMCI and AD patients (112 versus 123 ng\/mL, p\u200a=\u200a0.31). In sMCI, serum IGF-I correlated positively with all baseline MRI variables except for the occipital lobe, and there was also a positive correlation between serum IGF-I and the annualized change in hippocampal volume (rs\u200a=\u200a0.32, p\u200a=\u200a0.02). Furthermore, sMCI patients having serum IGF-I above the median had lower annual loss of hippocampal volume than those with IGF-I below the median (p\u200a=\u200a0.02). In contrast, in AD patients, IGF-I did not associate with baseline levels or annualized changes in brain volumes. Conclusion: In sMCI patients, our results suggest that IGF-I exerted neuroprotective effects on the brain, thereby maintaining hippocampal volume. In AD, serum IGF-I did not associate with brain volumes, indicating that IGF-I could not induce neuroprotection in this disease. This supports the notion of IGF-I resistance in AD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jad-220292","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]],"date-time":"2022-06-14T13:19:45Z","timestamp":1655212785000},"page":"1007-1016","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Low Serum Insulin-like Growth Factor-I Is Associated with Decline in Hippocampal Volume in Stable Mild Cognitive Impairment but not in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Horvath","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Quinlan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carl","family":"Eckerstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Region V\u00e4stra G\u00f6taland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N. David","family":"\u00c5berg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Acute Medicine and Geriatrics, Region V\u00e4stra G\u00f6taland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anders","family":"Wallin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johan","family":"Svensson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Region V\u00e4stra G\u00f6taland, Skaraborg 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