{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T19:24:19Z","timestamp":1780514659592,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]],"date-time":"2023-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696896000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAD"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The mediating roles of neuropathologies and neurovascular damage in the relationship between early-life education and later-life cognitive function are unknown. Objective: To examine whether Alzheimer\u2019s and neurovascular biomarkers mediate the relationships between education and cognitive functions. Methods: Data were from 537 adults aged 55\u201394 in the Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative 3. We tested whether the relationships between education (continuous, years) and cognitive function (memory, executive functioning, and language composites) were mediated by neuroimaging biomarkers (hippocampal volumes, cortical gray matter volumes, meta-temporal tau PET standard uptake value ratio, and white matter hyperintensity volumes). Models were adjusted for age, race, sex\/gender, cardiovascular history, body mass index, depression, and Apolipoprotein E-\u025b4 status. Results: Hippocampal volumes and white matter hyperintensities partially mediated the relationships between education and cognitive function across all domains (6.43% to 15.72% mediated). The direct effects of education on each cognitive domain were strong and statistically significant. Conclusions: Commonly measured neurobiomarkers only partially mediate the relationships between education and multi-domain cognitive function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jad-230244","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]],"date-time":"2023-09-05T11:51:00Z","timestamp":1693914660000},"page":"1405-1416","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Mediating Roles of Neurobiomarkers in the Relationship Between Education and Late-Life Cognition"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Priscilla A.","family":"Amofa-Ho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"for the Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ariana M.","family":"Stickel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruijia","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindsay C.","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Social Epidemiology and Population Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Maria","family":"Glymour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chloe W.","family":"Eng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-230244_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1159\/000093378","article-title":"Education and dementia: A meta-analytic study","volume":"26","author":"Caamano-Isorna","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"key":"10.3233\/JAD-230244_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30367-6","article-title":"Dementia prevention, 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