{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T17:15:38Z","timestamp":1777396538926,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,7]],"date-time":"2023-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699315200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAD"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: As tracking subtle cognitive declines in the preclinical stage of Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) is difficult with traditional individual outcome measures, need for cognitive composite for preclinical AD is widely recognized. Objective: We aimed to develop culturally appropriate cognitive composite that sensitively identifies subtle cognitive decline of preclinical AD in Korean older adults. Methods: A total 225 cognitively normal elderly individuals from the Korean Brain Aging Study for the Early Diagnosis and Prediction of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease, were included. Tests of episodic memory, orientation, and executive function were carefully selected through review of previously established composites. Three candidate composites including Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Word list recall (WLR), Logical memory (LM) II, and Mini-Mental status examination (MMSE) in common, and Letter fluency test (LF), category fluency test, or Stroop color and word test, were selected. Results: Student t-tests demonstrated that only the composite composed of WLR, LM II, MMSE, and LF (Composite 1) showed a significant difference in score decline over two-year follow-up period between A\u03b2 positive and negative group (p\u200a=\u200a0.03). Linear mixed model analyses also showed that the A\u03b2 x time interaction effect was significant only for Composite 1 (p\u200a=\u200a0.025). Based on the results, Composite 1 was chosen as the final cognitive composite for preclinical Alzheimer\u2019s disease (CPAD). Conclusions: CPAD can be used to assess subtle cognitive decline of preclinical AD in clinical research settings, especially in Korean older adults. It also may be used for monitoring progression or treatment benefits in clinical practices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/jad-230263","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,6]],"date-time":"2023-10-06T10:47:13Z","timestamp":1696589233000},"page":"633-641","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Development of a Cognitive Composite for Preclinical Alzheimer\u2019s Disease in Korean Older Adults"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Minjae","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"for the KBASE Research Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dahyun","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Center, Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min Soo","family":"Byun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyejin","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joon Hyung","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nayeong","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoonyoung","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyeji","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jungmin","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyungtae","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 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